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35. The correct answer is (B). This sentence is afflicted with a dangling modifier. The word damaged
seems to modify farmers rather than crop. (B) avoids this ambiguity by turning the introductory
phrase into a clause. (C) and (E) don’t address this problem. As for (D), the switch to active voice
requires a direct object, such as “heavily damaged the crops.”
36. The correct answer is (C). In the original, the parallelism of the idiom “as much to . . . as to . . . “ is
destroyed in two ways. First, they is out of place. Second, the second verb must have the same form as
the first. Here, both should be infinitives. The sentence should read “as much to discredit the witness
as to produce.”

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Lesson 2
50
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ARCO
■ SAT II Subject Tests
37. The correct answer is (A). The sentence is correct as written. The changes in the order of the words
suggested by the other answer choices result in sentences that are awkward or not idiomatic.
38. The correct answer is (D). This is a pronoun, and a pronoun must have a referent. What noun is this
replacing? You can’t find one, so you must eliminate it. But you must also make sure that the result
has a main clause. (D) accomplishes both tasks. (B) and (C) are wrong because so and thus are
superfluous and disrupt the logical flow of the sentence. (So and thus are usually used as a transition
between independent clauses.) With (E), the underlined part is turned into a clause, so the whole is
left without a main clause.
39. The correct answer is (C). The difficulty with the original is that the final relative clause introduced
by which has no logical connection to the rest of the sentence, because which lacks an unambiguous
referent. (C) corrects this by starting a new clause with its own noun subject. Simply substituting that
for which does not eliminate the problem, so (B) is wrong. (D) is wrong because the result is a
participial phrase with no connection to the rest of the sentence. And (E) is wrong because it changes
the intended meaning of the original sentence; it implies that the E.P.A. will break down the dioxin.