Asian development bank

Table 5: Sex-Disaggregation of Water Supply Sector Staff, 2014–2016

(%)

year	Total		Management		Technical		Maintenance
	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men
2014	16.3	83.7	19.1	80.9	26.9	73.1	15.1	84.9
2015	15.4	84.6	18.1	81.9	23	77	14.4	85.6
2016	15.2	84.8	18.4	81.6	17.6	82.4	14.3	85.7

Source: Cabinet of Ministers. 2015. On Measures to Implement the Main Directions of Development of Water Supply Organizations and Sanitation Services (Decree of Cabinet of Ministers 306, 30 October 2015). tashkent.
However, field data from Fergana Valley, where heads of departments, laboratories, and human resources, and the chief accountant are female, present a more positive picture of gender balance in local branches of Suvokava.⁸⁷ the local Suvokava corporation supports female staff in their reproductive rights.⁸⁸ Women who study at institutions of higher education have the possibility of working a half-day schedule. the corporation pays bonuses in the form of catering and food products.

4. ADB Interventions

adB remains the country’s largest international development partner for WSS. the sector now accounts for 14% of an active portfolio totaling $570.9 million. adB projects are focused on improving access to safe water and sanitation, and relate directly to poverty reduction, better health, decreased burden of unpaid work, and reduction in unproductive labor costs.

WSS projects include the completed Urban Water Supply project, the Western Uzbekistan Rural Water Supply project, the Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector project, the Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation project, and the ongoing four- tranche, multi financed, $300 million facility for the Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment program and the djizzakh Sanitation System development project. the sector portfolio also includes a $69 million Solid Waste Management Improvement project, which was approved in 2013. Of 11 projects, four have been closed, two were completed by 31 december 2016, and five are ongoing.<sup>89

87</sup> adB field survey in 2017 for this CGa update.
⁸⁸ See footnote 89. prenatal leave has been prolonged from the 7th month to the 5th month of pregnancy with paid maternity leave (two minimal state-established salaries) up to 2 years.
⁸⁹ adB. 2017. Uzbekistan: Country Portfolio Review Mission. Uzbekistan.
Mainstreaming Gender in ADB Operations, by Sector 29
the updated Country Operations Business plan for 2017–2019 includes two loans related to WSS: the Western Uzbekistan Water Supply System development project and the tashkent Region Sanitation System development project on the adB site.⁹⁰ Currently, there are five ongoing WSS projects, all categorized under as effective gender mainstreaming (eGM).

5.