Asian development bank
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Uzbekistan Country Gender Assessment Update-fayllar.org
Gender roles and NormsUzbekistan’s civil, criminal, labor, and family laws are based on gender equality, and the legal framework for protecting women’s rights complies with international standards. the traditional gender contract is not part of formal law or policy.52 However, it does prescribe the roles of women and men that govern gender relations and assigns them different jobs, values, responsibilities, and obligations.53 In Uzbek society, traditional notions associated with to motherhood, children, and family are prevalent. If a woman decides to have a career in business, politics, or any other field, she is expected to balance her work with her reproductive functions. the traditional distribution of family responsibilities usually remains the same, adding to women’s time poverty and limiting opportunities for self-development, competitiveness in the labor market, SMe participation, and business size. It also impedes women’s career choices and aspirations. Marriage and family are considered the pillars of society.54 Given a choice, the parents of a young girl would opt to marry her off when she completes the mandatory secondary vocational education (college or academic lyceum), rather than strive for higher education. this decision might also have economic root causes since families, especially those with limited financial resources, give preference to sons when it comes to higher education because the daughters are expected to marry and leave the family home. Young men also have more leeway to marry at a later age, continue their education, or find jobs. these factors increase gender asymmetry in higher education. Several government and nongovernment agencies are mandated to support the family as an institution. For instance, a commission under the makhallya committee is focused on preventing and resolving family conflicts, thus reducing the divorce rate. Members of the commission are
Consistent government policies and interventions carried out jointly with nongovernment stakeholders have dramatically reduced early marriage. In 2016, the average age of women at first marriage was 22.6 years, compared with 26 years for men.56 to prevent child marriage, amendments to the Criminal Code and the administrative Code impose liabilities for violations.57 together with relevant government and nongovernment stakeholders, the WCU has conducted broad interventions to increase awareness of the adverse effects of early marriage and childbirth.58 For instance, the WCU helped organize Kizlarjon (girls’) societies in all educational institutions to train youth leaders to conduct outreach activities in early- marriage prevention, personal hygiene, and healthy lifestyles among fellow students and peers (footnote 60).
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