Assignment Subject : Korean Administration Theory Submitted by : rahimberdiyev sardorbek

Assignment
Subject : Korean Administration Theory

Submitted by :

RAHIMBERDIYEV SARDORBEK
Student ID : 201928016 , ( 2nd Semester )

Public Administration

Kangwon National University , Samcheok Campus .

Submitted to

Prof . Wang Jae-Sun

Department of Public Administration

Kangwon National University , Samcheok Campus .

Korean Administration Theory . Chapter2.

2 The evolution of the

developmental state and

government capacity in Korea
Introduction

In the last sixty years South Korea has been known as a rare case illustrating both compressed

economic growth and political democratization . Although there were influentions of the liberals and neoliberals, they overcame economic difficulties themselves because of transformations in the adminstrative system. GDP rate increased year by year from 2.1 billion in 1961 to 1.1 trillion in 2012.

In this period South Korea has got a great experience which it can offer policy implications to other developing countries.

Debates on the developmental states
The concept ‘the developmental state’ was introduced to explain the rapid economic growth of East Asian countries. In Korea, the developmental state emerged in earnest from the early 1960s, and combined with authoritarian politics in the 1970s, labelling the 1970s Korea as a typical form of the authoritarian developmental state. Korea’s developmental state was successful in achieving its core goals: economic growth and industrialization. However, during the years of economic development, social policies were largely underdeveloped or functioned, at the most, as a subsidiary of economic and industrial policies. Against the backdrop of these circumstances, this article aims to explore the economic and social performances of the developmental state in the 1960–70s Korea.
There are two development paths which developing countries can choose :

D1 = D ( Dictatorial / Authoritarian Regime )+c (Capacity of State + Corruption Control) (Korea)

D2 - D ( Democratic Regime ) + C ( Capacity of State+consensus building),(US).

The origin of Korea’s developmental state and economic growth. Park Chung-her regime.
In Korea the developmental state emerged,although he was authorian, under the leadership of Park Chung-hee (1961-79). This led to a paradigm shift in Korea's economic development. Centuries of economic stagnation and backwardness had made Korea one of the poorest countries in the world. But under the guidance of the developmental state the country entered rapid economic modernization and industrialization. It was given a birth to shape civil service system effectively stage by stage.
-Office of Planning and Coordination

-Strategic five-year economic development plans

-Economic Management Plans ( EMPs )

-Destruction-corruption

-guided capitalism " and a " mixed economy "

-The Office of National Tax Administration

-Controlling financial system and nationalization

-The international loan repayment guarantee act (1962)

-Bans over foreign investment on purpose of domestic companies protection

-Increases in the number of public corporations

-Boosting exports instead of imports
-Democratization (The democratization of the polity and the globalization of the economy in Korea led to several structural changes in the developmental state. The 1997 Asian financial crisis was a major blow to the developmental state system. As a result, the economic security provided by the state also faded away.
-Healthy competition over the country

-1980s’ difficulties

Conclusions and global implications

for developing countries
Korea had to walk long and difficult way to find its own model and it proved that developing countries need to find their own developmental model by considering historical , political , economic , and cultural factors .

-Governing institution

-Legitimacy

-Commitment of lidership

The dynamic role of the state created the "Miracle on the Han River" in the past. The future of the Korean economic development also depends on the strategies of the state. This time Korea needs a developmental state which would promote economic growth, democracy and control economic disparities.

Although there is success in transformations, The legacy of the developmental state still shadows the state , which is asked to deal with various problems rooted in the origin of the developmental state.