Austrian Journal of Technical and

Materials and Methods: 
Organohalogen 
compounds. 
This 
class 
includes organochlorines such as chlorendic 
acidderivatives chlorinated paraffins; organobro
mines 
such 
as 
decabromodiphenyl 
ether (decaBDE), decabromodiphenyl ethane (a 
replacement for decaBDE), polymeric brominated 
compounds such as brominated polystyrenes, 
brominated 
carbonate 
oligomers 
(BCOs), 
brominated 
epoxy 
oligomers 
(BEOs),tetrabromophthalic tetrabromobisphenol 
nyhydride, 
(TBBPA) 
cyclododecaneand hexabromo (HBCD). Most but 
not all halogenated flame-retardants are used in 
conjunction with a synergist to enhance their 
efficiency. Antimony trioxide is widely used but 
other 
forms 
of 
antimony 
such 
as 
the 
pentoxide and sodium antimonate are also used. 
However, those substances are contained in 
fodder in the form of complex indigestible 
conglomerates bound by complex organic 
compounds — phytates and cannot be digested by 
birds. One of the solutions of this a variety of 
physical and chemical factors, such as the 
composition of the growth medium, critical issue is 
the introduction into the poultry diet of phytase.
 

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4 
phytase availability of phosphorus, calcium, 
protein and other nutrients is limited. 
Critical issue is the introduction into the 
poultry diet of phytase. Phytase is a specific 
enzyme that initiates the decomposition of 
phytate — phytic compounds, which contain 70–
90% of the total phosphorus in plant. Due to the 
inability of poultry to produce own phytase 
availability of phosphorus, calcium, protein and 
other nutrients is limited. The use of phytase 
provides 
a 
new 
qualitative 
approach to improving fodder efficiency and 
reducing nutrients consumption per unit of 
livestock production. In spite of the fact that 
phytases 
from 
several 
species 
of 
bacteria, yeast and fungi have been characterized, 
commercial production of this enzyme currently 
focuses on fungi of the Aspergillus because of 
high productivity [1, 585; 2, 581]. However, great 
drawback of industrial fungal strains is their low 
activity, despite the fact that the essential 
requirement to enzymes is their high activity. 
The production of phytase have been affected by 
a variety of physical and chemical factors, such 
as the composition of the growth medium. Due to 
the inability of poultry to produce own 
Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources: 
Different pure carbon sources (e. g. glucose, 
sucrose, lactose, maltose, fructose and xylose) with 
concentration of 1,5% were added to up the fact 
that the essential.Among the various nitrogen 
sources such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium 
phosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, 
yeast extract, peptone used for phytase production, 
ammonium nitrate supported phytase production in 
A. niger with enzymatic activity of 1320 U/g. All 
other nitrogen sources used had less effect on 
phytase production with enzymatic activity from 
850 U/ml to 1200 U/g. The various concentration 
of ammonium nitrate (0.25% — 2.0%) have been 
used for the phytase production in submerged 
fermentation (Fig. 4). It was found that 0.5% 
ammonium nitrate has given the highest enzymatic 
activity (1320 U/g). 
Thus, among the different nitrogen and carbon 
sources tested 0.5% ammonium nitrate and 1.0% 
sucrose were found to be good nitrogen and carbon 
sources for phytase production. 
The effect of different concentration of sucrose 
on phytase production was studied using sucrose in 
the range of 0.25 to 2% (Fig.2). Sucrose at 1.0% 
concentration 
was 
found to support maximal phytase activity (1250 
U/g).