Noaniq artikl(an/a)
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Kasbni bildiruvchi ot bilan
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My sister is a doctor You are a student
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There is/are va uning o’tgan zamondagi there was/were va kelasi zamondagi there will be shakli bilan
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There is a big pool in our garden.
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Undov gaplarda
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What a nice evening!
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Such so'zidan keyin
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It was such a wonderful day!
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Vaqt, tezlik, vazn, masofani anglatuvchi otlar oldidan (a minute, a pound, a hundred, a million va b.)
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I'll be in a minute
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This is birikmasidan so’ng biror narsani nima ekanligini bildirish uchun.
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This is a pen – Bu ruchka
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Otlarning oldidan artikl artiklning ishlatilmaslik holatlari
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Ko'plik shaklidagi sanaladigan, ushbu otlar anglatayotgan narsalarni biron bir sinfga yoki kategoriyaga kirituvchi otlar oldida
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These are very good flowers. Mana bu juda yaxshi gullar
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Umumiy tushuncha beruvchi modda, material, tushunchani anglatuvchi sanalmaydigan otlar oldidan
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Life begins early in Moscow Moskvada hayot tongdan qaynay boshlaydi.
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Breakfast, lunch, dinner, tea, supper kabi vaqt yoki ovqat tanovvul qilish payti ma'nosidagi otlar oldidan
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We have lunch at 11 a.m.
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Odatda predloglar bilan ishlatiladigan va predmetlik ma'nosini yo'qotgan bed, school,
town, table, sea kabi otlar oldidan
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To go to bed, by train, at night
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Otlar artiklsiz ishlatiladigan ba'zi fe'l shaklidagi ba'zi iboralarni yodda saqlang
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To take place - sodir bo'lmoq
To keep house - uy tutmoq, hojalik boshqarmoq
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Atoqli otlar oldidan
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Moscow, France, Smith, Petrov
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Oy, hafta kunlari nomlari oldidan
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Monday, Tuesday, January, February
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Oila a'zolari, qarindosh va yaqinlarni anglatuvchi otlar oldidan (Father, Mother, Aunt, etc.) (agar huddi shu oila a'zolari tomonidan qo'llanilsa)
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Father! Can you help me?
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Artikl otlar oldida ishlatiladigan maxsus so‘zlardir. O‘zbek tilida artikl mavjud emas. Artiklning alohida tarjimasi yo‘q. Ot oldida artiklning ishlatilishi va ishlatilmasligining ahamiyati katta.
Ingliz tilida ikkita artikl bor: Noaniq artikl (The Indefinite Article) va aniq artikl (The Definite Article).
Noaniq artiklning ikkita shakli bor: a va an. An shakli unli tovushlar bilan boshlangan otlar oldida keladi: an opera, an apple, an hour. Qolgan hollarda artiklning a shakli ishlatiladi: a pen, a book, a student.
Aniq artiklning bitta shakli bor: the.
Noaniq artikl eski ingliz tilidagi ān (bir) so‘zidan kelib chiqqan, shuning uchun ham u faqat birlikdagi otlar oldida ishlatiladi.
Aniq artikl eski ingliz tilidagi the (u, o‘sha) ko‘rsatish olmoshidan kelib chiqqan bo‘lib, ba’zi hollarda hozir ham dastlabki ma’nosini saqlab qolgan.
Noaniq artikl ishlatilganda otning biror turga (sinfga) mansubligini bildiradi.
Aniq artikl otni boshqa shu turdagi otlardan ajratib ko‘rsatganda ishlatiladi. The Article
Biz gapiryotgan ot tinglovchiga yoki o’quvchiga ma’lum bo’lsa, u bilishiga ishonsak aniq artiklini ishlatamiz:
It is the oldest building in the town. – Bu shahardagi eng qadimiy bino(shaharda eng qadimiy bino bitta tinglovchi buni biladi)
When we stayed at my grandmother’s house, we went to the beach every day. - Biz buvimnikida qolganimizda, biz har kuni sohilga borardik(tinglovchiga ma’lum dunyodagi har qanday sohilmas buvimni uyiga eng yaqin sohil)
Dad, can I borrow the car? – Dada, mashinani olsam maylimi(ko’chadagi har qanday mashina emas, oilangizga tegishli mashina dadangizga malum)
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |