Bachelor's thesis (Turku University of Applied Sciences) Degree Program in Business Management


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Vorobyev Artem


party credit risks 
CET 
Common Equity Tier I, 
first pillar of bank’s capital 
reserves 
CRD 
Capital Requirements Dircetive, a part of upcoming 
financial regulations that accompanies Basel Accords 
CRM 
Comprehensive Risk Measure, one of the ways to 
estimate credit risk exposure of an investment portfolio 
ECB 
European Central Bank, a major financial institution that 
oversees implementation of monetary policies in the 
Euro area 
ESCB 
European System of Central Banks represents the 
organizational structure of EU banking sector as 
cooperation of ECB and National Central Banks 
GLS 
Global Liquidity Standards, a major innovation of Basel 
III Accords and CRD IV that introduces new liquidity 
and capital buffer requirements for banks 
IMF 
International Monetary Fund constructed by some of the 
world’s countries to ensure financial stability on an 
international level 
IPO 
Initial Price Offering for newly issued equity securities 
that are traded at the primary market 
IRM 
Incremental Risk Measure for counter-party risk 
exposure of corporate securities and CDS issuers 


IRS 
Interest rate SWAPS, a derivative instrument to hedge 
against market risks 
LCR 
Liquidity Coverage Ration, one of the new ratio 
calculations introduced by Basel Accords and CRD to 
establish a new procedure of liquidity buffer estimations 
MPT 
Modern Portfolio Theory, a portfolio organization 
framework that focuses on the benefits of diversification 
NsFR 
Net Stable Funding Ratio, was first introduced together 
with LCR as a part of upcoming regulation to ensure 
long-term stability of investment funding sources 
OTC 
Over-the-Counter market for direct trade operations 
among institutional investors in bypass of the stock 
exchange 
PFE 
Potential Future Exposure, a method to measure future 
exposure to counter-party risk 
RWA 
Risk-Weighted Assets, financial and real assets whose 
value was calculated on the basis of potential risk 
exposure in order to cover potential losses 
VaR 
Value-at-Risk economic model used primarily for 
probability estimations of market risk exposure 



TURKU UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES THESIS | Artem Vorobyev 

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