Below we will consider the structural and functional features of adjectives in Uzbek and English

Every language, including the Uzbek language and the English language, has a semantic representation of adjectives. This study has theoretical and practical aspects.
Adjective is one of the most elemental parts of the morphology of the Uzbek language and has great theoretical and practical importance.
In order to qualify a grammatical category as a word group, it is necessary to have three signs: morphological, lexical, and syntactic signs. The grades that exist at the Uzbek adjective level are present in the adjective language of these devices, thus indicating the possibility and necessity of the adjective as a separate word group.
In order to correctly notice the time of the problem, it is necessary to move away from the present. According to the classification in school grammar textbooks, it is included in the system of adjective verbs. In this case, creating a concrete idea about both grammatical categories, that is, verbs, does not give quality. disease, the basic landscape of each grammatical two categories, the specific characteristics of each of them remain unexplained. In other words, the adjective concept is combined with the verb concept. With this, the nature of the verb is blurred. of course, such cases happened because the grammar of the Uzbek language has not yet been sufficiently worked out on a scientific basis.
Among the Uzbek linguists, R. Jumaniyozov is the linguist who first discussed adjectives more thoroughly. R. Jumaniyozov, in collaboration with M. Askarova, published a pamphlet dedicated to adjectives and adverbs, and gave a more in-depth analysis of adjectives. In the treatise, it is mainly studied as a special form of an adjective verb. In this case, it acts as a qualifier of the action sign of the object, and according to this feature, it shows that it is close to the quality. R. Jumaniyazov considered and interpreted the adjective mainly as a morphological category.
Below we will consider the structural and functional features of adjectives in Uzbek and English.
Adjectives are similar to adjectives in that they denote persons and things, and become determiners in sentences. Adjectives represent a stable, stable sign of a person and thing, while adjectives represent a sign of change and movement.
The adjective form of the verb is called an adjective. Adjectives are formed by adding the suffixes gan (-kan,-kan), -yeda(-adigan), -(a)yatgan, -(a)r to the bases of verbs.
Adjectives, being a form of a verb, express the meanings of tense, participle, and proportion specific to the verb: participle, past tense, definite proportion. Also, adjectives indicate the sign of a noun like an adjective, how? what kind is the answer to questions and performs the functions of determiner and participle in the sentence.
Adjectives are mainly formed with the following affixes:
1.-gan (-kan, -kan). This adverb is most actively used in speech. The suffix gan (-kan, -kan) of the adjective represents the action sign of persons-things in the past tense.
This suffix is ​​added to verb stems ending in a vowel, pronounced -gan and written like this.
Even if it is added to the bases of verbs that end with a voiceless consonant and is pronounced in the case of -kan, it is written -gan. For example: moved, grew up.
It is pronounced and written as -kan when it is added to verb bases ending with the consonant q, and when added to verb bases ending with the consonant k, it is pronounced and written like this (tik-tikkan, tik-tikkan).
When added to the base of the verb ending with the consonant g, it is written -gan (tug'-tug'gan), even if it is pronounced in the case of -kan.
2. -digan, -lying. These affixes are connected with the affix -gan: coming, coming, reading, reading, writing, writing.
3. -(a)r. The infinitive form of the adjective is formed using the suffix -ma, as in verbs. When -ma suffix is ​​added to adjectives formed with the suffix -(a)r, the -r sound becomes -s. For example, come and go.
4. -ajak: future (land), future (harvest), future (time), written (poem).
5. -gusi, -gusi; such as the future (generation), the future (work). Adjectives formed with -(a)jak, -gusi, -gusi are considered archaic in the modern Uzbek language.
6. –(u)vchi: coming, waiting, starting. This adjective indicates continuous motion of the object. For example: A completely new path is shown to the boiling wild river. (H. Olimjon)
Adjectives can be used instead of nouns and can act as nouns, i.e. they ride. In this case, they take possession, agreement, and plural suffixes like nouns and appear in sentences in the functions of possessive, complement, demonstrative, and imperative.
Adjective is one of the functional forms of the verb, it indicates the sign of the action and state of the thing, it usually comes as an adjective: Signs of the adjective:
a) refers to the concept of action. For example: He is always wanted, always
one of our advanced people who are on the move and ready to fly. (I. Rahim);
b) expresses the meanings of ratio, transitive-intransitive, divisible-individual. For example: Hayat, looking through the slit, turned aside. (M. Ismaili). Like a dressed child (identity), a read book, an invited guest (unidentified);
c) other words lead: Anorkhan loves his country from the heart
a girl who loves and is passionate about her work. (I. Rahim);
g) an adjective in a sentence, indicating a sign of a person and thing related to action
comes in its role, the pattern does not change: Where there is no friendship, there is no development of work. (S. Zunnunova)
d) can ride. At this time, like a noun, it accepts possessive affixes
he does and comes with a corresponding mission: see the home of the boastful, the wedding of the scorned.
e) is indicated by the person-number affix and forms tense forms characteristic of the definiteness of the verb. The construction of the beautiful fountains on the other side has just begun.
(P. Kadirov)
The time expressed by adjectives is relative. It does not directly show the relationship of the movement to the moment of speech. To which time it belongs is determined in relation to the time understood by the part of the sentence or the time indicated by the general content of the sentence.
It is determined that the adjective is mainly attached to the noun and determines the noun, and the adjective is close to the adjective in terms of function and meaning.
Adjectives in the Uzbek language, according to their lexical meaning, define the signs of movement of objects. Adjectives also represent the imagination of a character.
But the symbols represented by adjectives are static-"passive" symbols, and the symbols represented by adjectives are active, changing, dynamic symbols. Compare the lexical meaning of the adjectives with the adjectives in the following examples: a walking boy..., a big city.
In English, an adjective is a form of a verb that has both a verb and a quality or adverb.
According to the qualitative feature, the adjective is a determiner in the sentence:
We visited one of the largest plants producing tractors in our country. We went to one of the large tractor manufacturing plants in our country. A broken cup lay on the table. A broken bowl lay on the table.
The adjective is used in the sentence according to the idiom: He sat at the table thinking. He was sitting at the table thinking.
An adjective with the nature of a verb can take a complement after it: Signing the letter the manager asked the secretary to send it off at once. After signing the letter, the manager asked the secretary to send it immediately. An adjective with a verb characteristic can be defined by an adverb: Packing his things quickly, he hurried to the station. Quickly packing his things, he hurried to the station.
Present Participle Active (present participle in the simple ratio) is formed by adding the suffix -ing to the base of the verb: reading- is reading, studying- is learning.
The Past Participle form of regular verbs is formed by adding the suffix -ed to the base of the verb: asked- is formed by adding the suffix: asked- so ordered
The past participle form of irregular verbs is formed by changing the stem of the verb: given, bought.
Perfect Participle Active (simple participle of the perfect adjective) is formed using the present participle form of the verb to have and the Past Participle form of the main verb: writing having written- and having done-.
Present Participle Passive (passive participle of the perfect adjective) is formed using the Perfect Participle form of the auxiliary verb to be and the Past Participle form of the main verb: having been written.
Present Participle Active expresses the action that happened at the same time as the action in the section. If the participle is in the present tense, the adjective expresses the action in the present tense, if the participle is in the past tense, the adjective expresses the action in the past tense, and if the participle is in the future tense, the adjective expresses the action in the future tense.
She is looking at the woman sitting at the window. He is looking at the woman sitting by the window.
When I entered the room, I gave the letter to the woman sitting in the window.
When I entered the room, I gave the letter to the woman sitting by the window.
When you enter the room, you will give the letter to the woman sitting in the window. When you enter the room, you give the letter to the woman sitting by the window.
The Present Participle Active is used to determine the noun: The rising sun was hidden by the clouds. The rising sun was hidden by clouds.
Present Participle Active: Arriving at the station I called a porter. Arriving at the station, I called a porter.
The Perfect Participle is Active and expresses the action that happened before the action in the part of the sentence. Perfect Participle Active comes in the causative case in adjective phrases: Having lived in London for many years he knew that city very well. Having lived in London for many years, he knew this city very well.
Present and Past Participles completely lose their verb characteristics and become a determiner when their meaning is very close to an adjective, and they come before the noun: A broken cup lay on the table. A broken bowl lay on the table.
If the Present and Past Participles do not have a quality feature, but only a verb feature, they come after the noun as a determiner, and these adjectives can be replaced with a determiner clause: They showed us a list of the goods sold. They showed us the list of sold goods.
To summarize, there are three impersonal forms in English: infinitive, adjective, and gerund. The Uzbek language also has three impersonal forms of the verb: action noun, adjective and adverb. Although the number of impersonal forms in both languages ​​is equal, there is a big difference in their meanings and syntactic functions.
For example, the meaning and function of the English gerund is expressed through the Uzbek infinitive, adjective and adverb. The meaning and functions of the Uzbek adverb are given by the English adjective and gerund. It should be noted that there is no gerund in Uzbek and no adverb in English.