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A few years ago, you may have used PHP Extension and Application Repository 

(PEAR) to download libraries. PEAR differs from Composer, in that PEAR would 

install packages on a system-level basis, whereas a dependency manager, such as 

Composer, installs them on a project-level basis. With PEAR, you could only have 

one version of a package installed on a system. Composer allows you to use different 

versions of the same package in different applications, even if they reside on the 

same system.

Working with the command line

If you are just getting started with web development, you might not be completely 

familiar with the command-line interface (CLI). Working with Composer, virtual 

machines, and Homestead, and later on with Artisan, Laravel's CLI utility, will 

require some interaction with it.

Here is how you can start with CLI:

1.  On Windows, look for the Command Prompt program. If you cannot find it, 

just navigate to Start | Run and type in 

cmd.exe

.

2.  On Mac OS X, CLI is called Terminal, and it can be found at  

/Applications/Utilities

.

3.  On Linux, depending on your distribution of Linux, it will be called