Chapter I. Theoritical justification of the technology of distance learning of a foreign language

2.2 The development of grammatical skills in students with using distance learning
When considering the requirements for the results of basic general education, which are presented in the federal state general education standard of general education of the second generation, we see that the educational process at school is aimed at the formation and development of motivated activity of students and their mastery of educational activities. It is recommended that education workers in their professional activities create optimal pedagogical conditions for:
- setting educational goals;
- development of independent cognitive search;
- mastering learning activities;
-formation of skills to carry out control and evaluation manipulations independently.
We consider the elements of distance learning as the most productive method to achieve the above-mentioned goals.
A distinctive feature of distance learning is the ability to organize training and control the assimilation of material using computers, gadgets, the Internet and using off-line and on-line technology.
Currently, the use of modern teaching tools and modern information technologies in schools helps teachers to diversify the educational activity, thereby increasing the level of motivation of students. When teaching the grammatical side of speech, foreign language teachers use various forms of presentation of material in foreign language lessons at the middle stage of training. These forms include verbal and figurative forms of presentation of educational material (video, sound, animation, graphic images). Students can understand complex grammatical material with the help of computer training and control programs. With their help, students are able to master the complex rules of grammar of a foreign language faster and deeper, and the teacher has the opportunity to quickly monitor the level of assimilation of the studied material by students to adjust further educational actions.
The introduction of the Internet into the educational process allows participants of the educational process to work out the grammatical rules being studied in a more modern and interesting way. Teaching grammatical phenomena is necessarily present in calendar and thematic planning and is considered, practically, in every new topic when learning a foreign language. For example, according to the UMK "English language" for grade 7, the authors of which are Yu. A. Komarova, I. V. According to Larionova, grammatical material is logically selected for each lexical material for its more productive development and development in speech practice. When considering the lexical topic " House. Apartment", students are offered grammatical material "There is / there are with some / any", and, for example, when studying the topic "Natural phenomena", the authors introduce grammatical material "Past Continuous: affirmative and negative sentences". In the classroom, sometimes, the teacher does not have enough time to work out the grammatical material.
When organizing a test or grammar exercise in electronic format, the teacher should provide an opportunity to see the correct answer after testing by students. Ideally, there will be explanations for each answer. This will give students the opportunity to repeat the grammatical rule again. In this case, it will be interesting for the student to continue doing the exercise and find out how many correct answers he will receive. Distance learning provides consultations (work on mistakes in a remote form) for all students: both for those who made the minimum number of mistakes, and for those who did not cope with the task. After all, not all students require exactly the same amount of educational material and the amount of time required to consolidate it. It depends on the psychological and physical abilities of the students, the properties of memory and the level of learning. When preparing educational material, the teacher must take into account the characteristics of each student and select tasks of different levels.
In modern schools, when studying foreign grammar, it has become quite obvious that with the help of computers, learning has become more interesting for children and removes an urgent problem for education – low motivation.
The computer includes many functions for a variety of educational activities. Teachers use a computer, for example, as a TV (watching educational programs), a movie projector (watching films in a foreign language), demonstration material (presentations, visual material, and much more). All of the above can significantly facilitate educational activities, make it more informative, rich and interesting for students.
Distance learning is considered to be a form of education that is based on the use of modern ICT technologies. Modern ICT technologies make it possible to organize and implement the learning process at a distance, without resorting to direct contact between participants in the educational process (teacher and students). Distance learning is available to students and teachers at any time and place convenient for them. Participants of the educational process only need to have a computer, tablet or smartphone with Internet access. This kind of training allows you to learn at your own pace, based on individual educational needs and personal characteristics.
The educational process is organized directly at the student's home. Each student receives educational equipment (gadget) for the duration of the training. It can be: a computer, tablet or smartphone with a webcam and Internet access). Students, in addition to studying the information in the textbook, should not be deprived of the opportunity to participate in creative, practice-oriented and research projects. Despite the fact that all training takes place remotely, the student must maintain live communication with his teachers, classmates and friends (video calls, online broadcasts).
Researchers of distance learning at school believe that students, with this form of education, dramatically increase motivation for the learning process, because computer technology is modern, practical and this is something that will undoubtedly be useful when choosing a future life route.
With distance learning, there are incentives for:
- disclosure of students' cognitive inner interests;
- the emergence of new types of organization of independent work in the network;
- extraction of many facts useful for everyday life that are related to a foreign language and its grammar, including;
- development of information and search independence among students;
- organization and assistance with homework.
The peculiarity of teaching grammatical material using distance learning technologies is that, unlike traditional education, where the teacher is the central figure, the "center of gravity" is gradually transferred to the student, who actively builds his learning process. The most important function of the teacher is to provide the necessary support to the student in the process of learning grammatical rules, to help not to get confused in them.