Chapter tenses (zamonlar). Unit to be lesson present “to be”

LESSON 2. PAST SIMPLE (O’TGAN ZAMON)
Structure:
P: S+Ved/V2… We played football yesterday. My brother made a cake last night.
N: S+didn’t+V… We didn’t play football yesterday. My brother didn’t make a cake last night.
Sh.A.Q: Did+S+V…? Did you play football yesterday? Did your brother make a cake yesterday?
Yes, S(p)+did. Yes, we did. Yes, he did.
No, S(p)+ didn’t No, we didn’t. No, he didn’t.
Q: Q.W.+did+S+V…? When did you play football? What did your brother make?

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  The Past Simple o’tgan zamonda aniq bir vaqtda sodir bo’lgan ish harakatlar haqida aytganimizda ishlatamiz:
  

We went to a restaurant last night.

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  The Past Simple o’tgan zamondagi odatiy ish harakatlarni aytganimizda ishlatamiz:
  

We had breakfast in the garden when I was a child.

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  The Past Simple vafot etgan odamlar haqida gapirginimizda ishlatamiz:
  

Alisher Navoiy lived in Khirat.

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  The Past Simple o’tgan zamondagi aytilgan vaqtda boshlangan ish harakat haqida gapirganda ishlatamiz:
  

I did my homework at 8 yesterday evening. (I started at 8.)

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  The Past Simple o’tgan zamondagi ish harakartlarni ketma-ketligini aytganimizda ishlatamiz:
  

Yesterday, I went to Tashkent, I bought some fruit and went to visit my granny.

• 
  O’tgan zamondagi odatiy ish harakartlarga “used to” yoki “would” ni ham ishlatishimiz mumkin:
  

We used to have breakfast in the garden when I was a child. We would have milk and bread.

• 
  O’tgan zamondagi holatlarga ham “used to” ni ishlata olamiz:
  

There used to be a big tree in the garden.


LESSON 3. FUTURE SIMPLE (KELASI ODDIY ZAMON)
Structure:
P: S+will+V… They will call tomorrow.
N: S+won’t+V… They won’t call tomorrow.
Sh.A.Q: Will+S+V…? Will they call tomorrow?
Yes, S(p)+will. Yes, they will.
No, S(P)+won’t. No, they won’t
Q: Q.W.+will+S+V…? When will they call?

• 
  The Future Simple kelasi zamonda aytilgan vaqtda boshlanadigan ish harakatlarni aytganimizda ishlatamiz:
  

I will do some tests at 9 tomorrow. (I’ll start at 9)

• 
  The Future Simple kelasi zamondagi ish harakatlarning ketma-ketligini aytganimizda ishlatamiz:
  

Tomorrow, I’ll do my homework, watch TV a little and then I’ll go to bed.

• 
  “Will” quyidagilar bilan ishlatiladi …
  

• 
  Xizmatimizni taklif qilganimizda: I’ll pay for you
  
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  Biron bir ishga rozi bo’lganimizda yoki rad etganimizda: Ok, I’ll repair your computer. My car won’t start in the morning.
  
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  Va’da berganimizda: I promise I won’t tell it to anyone.
  
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  Kimdandir biz uchun nimadir qilishni so’raganimizda: Will you pass the salt, please.
  

• 
  “Will” quyidagi so’zlar bilan ishlatiladi:
  

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  Probably (ehtimol) I’ll probably be a bit late this evening.
  
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  (I’m)sure (ishonchim komil) You must meet Ann. I’m sure you’ll like her.
  
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  (I)expect (umid bilan kutmoq) I expect Carol will get the job.
  
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  (I)think (o’ylashimcha) Do you think we will win the match?
  
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  (I)hope (umid qilaman) I hope I’ll pass the exam.
  

• 
  “Shall” “will” o’rniga ishlatilishi mumkin faqat “I” va “we” bilan. “Shall” boshqa shaxslar bilan ishlatilmaydi:
  

I shall go to Tashkent tomorrow. We shall play football with them one day.

• 
  Taklif kiritganimizda yoki taklif so’raganimizda “Shall I” yoki “Shall we” dan foydalanamiz:
  

Shall I close the window, it’s a bit cold here? Shall we watch the football match together?