Cognitive factors in learning: transfer, interference and overgeneralization

COGNITIVE FACTORS IN LEARNING: TRANSFER, INTERFERENCE AND OVERGENERALIZATION

COGNITIVE FACTORS IN LEARNING: TRANSFER, INTERFERENCE AND OVERGENERALIZATION

SENIOR TEACHER:

GAFUROVA DILFUZA JABBOROVNA

Cognition is the process of knowing, understanding and learning something. Simply, it is closely related to mind and perception. Therefore, cognitive factors in learning languages are divided into the following subtopics: 

Cognition is the process of knowing, understanding and learning something. Simply, it is closely related to mind and perception. Therefore, cognitive factors in learning languages are divided into the following subtopics: 

transfer, interference and overgeneralization.

COGNITIVE FACTORS IN LEARNING LANGUAGES

TRANSFER
NEGATIVE
OVERGENERALIZATION
L1→L1
L2→L2
INTERFERENCE
L1→L2
L2→L1
POSITIVE

TRANSFER

Transfer is the transmission of previous performance or knowledge to subsequent learning.

It can be positive and negative.

Language transfer can be conscious or unconscious.

POSITIVE TRANSFER

Positive transfer is based on identical points between source and target language which benefits easier acquisition of second language owing to its similar characteristics with mother tongue.

For example, word order in both English and Russian is on the basis of Subject + Verb+ Object which encourages language learners to easily acquire this structure and apply them in their language performance:

English: I go to school.

Russian: Я иду в школу

In the contrary, in Eastern languages as well as in Uzbek, we are supposed to use object between subject and verb that is totally opposite structure from above-mentioned languages.