Comparative study of compound words in English and Indonesian Fransiska Napitupulu
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1712070738 2016 The Episteme Journal of Linguistics and Literature Vol 3 No 1 1.Comparative study of compound words in English and Indonesian
D. Confixes
NO Word Formation Explanation 1 Pendapatan Pen + dapat + an : income (Noun) 2 Kerugian Ke + rugi + an : loss (Noun) 3 Bersangkutan Ber + sangkut + an : pertinent (Adverb) 4 Dirugikan Di + rugi + kan : disadvantaged(Verb) 5 Ditransaksikan Di + transaksi + kan : transacted(Verb) 6 Perusahaan Pe + usaha + an : company (Noun) 7 Penilaian Pe + nilai + an : valuation (Noun) 8 Mengatakan Meng + kata + kan : say (Verb) 9 Menyebabkan Men + sebab + kan : cause (Adverb) 10 Perlakuan Per + laku + an : treatment (Adjective) 11 Mewajibkan Me + wajib + kan : require (Verb) 12 Membagikan Mem + bagi + kan : share (Verb) 13 Berdasarkan Ber + dasar + kan : based (Adverb) 14 Kemungkinan Ke + mungkin + an : posibility (Adverb) 15 Merugikan Me + rugi + kan : harm (Verb) 16 Keterpurukan Ke + terpuruk + kan : downturn (Adjective) 17 Melakukan Me + laku + kan : do (Verb) 18 Persaingan Per + saing + an : competition (Adverb) 19 Mengatasi Meng + atas + i : evercome (Verb) 36 20 Disebabkan Di + sebab + kan : caused (Verb) 21 Menjanjikan Men + janji + kan : promise (Verb) 22 Diterbitkan Di + terbit + kan : published (Verb) 23 Dimiliki Di + milik + i : owned (Adverb) 24 Menjauhi Men + jauh + i : avoid (Verb) 25 Perubahan Per + ubah + an : change (Noun) Discussion 1. As the first types above called by infixes, because the words follow by infix–el, -em, and er. For example: Pegang : add by infix –em = pemegang (holder) [an infix] is an affix which is incorporated inside another word. 2. The examples of word formation in Bahasa Indonesia in the second types is prefixes, consist of prefixes -me, -di, -mem, -meng, -ber, -ter. Such as Terakhir, meningkat, menembus, dibanding, mendorong, berlangsung, membangun, pemegang, dihimpun, menderita, seiring, menjadi, berhenti, mencetak, mengambil. For explanation: a. Meningkat: prefix –me + tingkat (increase) b. Terakhir : prefix –ter + akhir (last) c. Berlangsung : prefix –ber + langsung (continue) This prefix is related to me- prefix above. While the me- indicates that the subject is the actor who doing an action , the di- indicates that the subject is the object of an action. A sentence with me+verb is called active sentence, and di+verb is called passive sentence. 3. The third types is suffix, which follow by suffix –i, -an, -kah, -lah. Such as Lompatan, gabungan, laporan, tahunan, lakukan, pinjaman, jaminan, aturan, batasan. For explanation: a. Lompatan : lompat + suffix an (leap) b. Tahunan : tahun + suffix an (annual) Indonesian suffixes are -kan, -i, -an and -nya. They can form a noun; can soft a command or add politeness; can direct the action; and derives causatives or adjectives. 4. And the other types in word formation in Bahasa Indonesia is called confixes. a. Pendapatan : confix pen-an : dapat (income) b. Kenaikan : confix ke-an : naik (rise) c. Melanjutkan : confix me-an : lanjut (continue) Based on the analysis above, there is one types by using a hypen (-) in Bahasa Indonesia which is not used in English, named by reduplication words. For example: a. Hingar-bingar (noisy) 37 Reduplication is a process of repeating a word, either wholly or partially. This process is very productive and it shows a number of characteristics. It is used to express various grammatical functions such as verbal aspect and some showing complex models.A wide use of reduplication is one of the most prominent grammatical features of the Indonesian languages. To some this sounds like a child language (hula-hula, caca). Download 0.78 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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