Computer Network Unit 1 q what are the topologies in computer n/w ?

Q 6. Compare FDDI-I and FDDI-II .
Ans:
Q 7. Explain netscape and mosaic ?
Ans : Netscape
Netscape Communications was a computer services company best known for its Web browser, Navigator. Navigator was one of the two most popular Web browsers in the 1990s.
In 1993, a team led by Marc Andreesen created Mosaic at the University of Illinois' National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). Mosaic was the first Web browser that had a graphical user interface (GUI). The browser was subsequently renamed "Navigator," to avoid copyright infringement. Netscape Communications was taken public by Marc Andreessen and entrepreneur Jim Clark in 1995, capitalizing on the growing interest in theWorld Wide Web. Netscape's hugely successful IPO
is widely held to be the beginning of the 1990s Internetboom.
Although Navigator was initially the predominant product in terms of usability and number of users, Microsoft's Internet Explorer (MSIE) browser took a significant lead in usage, due in large part to the decision to bundle the browser for free with the Windows 95 operating system. This action led to a long-lasting antitrust suit against Microsoft by the U.S. Justice Department. Microsoft's investment of programming and capital in IE eventually resulted in a more stable browser over time than Netscape's increasingly buggy, feature-laden version. Coupled with Microsoft's bundling strategy and marketing efforts, IE won the war to become the Internet's primary browser.
In 1998, Netscape started the open source Mozilla project, which eventually resulted in theFirefox Web browser.
Netscape Communications is now part of America Online (AOL). AOL initially envisioned the Netscape Web site as a Web portal, providing a source of revenue through advertising and e-commerce. After the antitrust ruling found that Microsoft had held and abused monopolistic power, Microsoft settled with AOL for $750 million dollars. As part of the settlement, AOL gained the rights to use and distribute Internet Explorer. Although Time Warner formally disbanded the company in 2003, the latest version of the Netscape browser may still be downloaded from Netscape's Web site.


Mosaic
Mosaic was the first widely-distributed graphical browser or viewer for the World Wide Web. It is usually considered to have been the software that introduced the World Wide Web and the Internet to a wide general audience. Once Mosaic was available, the Web virtually exploded in numbers of users and content sites. The success of Mosaic depended on the recent invention and adoption of Hypertext Transfer Protocol by(Tim Berners-Lee.)
Mosaic arrived in 1993. Marc Andreessen, then in his early 20s, is credited with inventing or leading the development of Mosaic. He developed it at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois. Andreessen and others went on to become part of Netscape Communications, originally called Mosaic Communications. Netscape then produced what was, for a while, the world's most popular browser, Netscape Navigator.
The original Mosaic, now in a later version, has since been licensed for commercial use and is provided to users by several Internet access providers.