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Marcos went jogging although it was raining.  While I was sleeping, she was enjoying the local night life.  When the class started, Phelix was still in the hallway.  Everybody was confident after the test was finised.

Common Subordinating Conjunctions  Cause/consequence: because, since, so that.  Because the hinges were creaking, Pedro oiled them.  Comparison: as, than.  He worked harder than I expected.

 Condition: if, in case, unless, whether.  Carlos will only go out tonight if he tidies his room.  Concession/contrast: although, even if, even though, however, rather than, though, whereas.  Even though he is very poor, he is always neatly dressed.

 Purpose: in order that, so that.  Francisca is learning to speak English so that she can study abroad.  Time: after, as soon as, before, once, still, till, until, when, whenever, while.  When Greta entered the hall, she tripped and fell down.  After I finish High School, I will go to college.

Practice  1. ___ he worked hard all year long, he wasn’t able to buy his father an expensive gift. Since Because Even though  2. ___ he didn’t have much money, he wasn’t able to buy his father an expensive gift. Even though Because Although

 3. ___ he didn’t have much money, he was still able to buy an expensive gift for his father. As soon as Unless Although  4. ___ he works hard all year long, he won’t be able to buy his father an expensive gift. Once Since Unless

 5. ___ he worked hard all year long and was able to earn a lot of money, he bought his father a very expensive gift. Though Since Although  6. ___ spend a lot of money on a gift, he made a present for his father. If Before Rather than

Correlative Conjunctions  They are always used in pairs, that is, they never appear alone in a sentence.  However, they never come one right after the other.  They are used to link elements with the same grammatical function.  E.g.: both... and, either... or, neither... nor, not only... but also, as/so... as, whether... or.