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participating students’ opinions regarding their favourite books
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participating students’ opinions regarding their favourite books. 1. files.eric.ed.gov - 100 % For example, a majority of the students mentioned that books should have bright and attractive covers. Also, books to be prepared or selected for children should be in accordance with the characteristics of their developmental period. Additionally, the concepts used in books as well as the events and situations described should be appropriate for children’s interests and vocabulary. Furthermore, concrete concepts should be included instead of abstract concepts and children’s books should have International Journal of Progressive Education, Volume 17 Number 4, 2021 © 2021 INASED 354 vivid and colourful pictures. In this current study, the participating students also mentioned that good quality books should have interesting and realistic pictures or illustrations. Children’s literature should have characters that students can relate with or like to read about, such as, children characters and/or animal characters. Also, children’s stories should include humour and mystery within the plot. Importantly, humorous elements which develop the children’s imagination, questioning, and critical thinking skills should be included. 1. files.eric.ed.gov - 100 % In this current study, the students also mentioned that they do not enjoy reading too much text on each individual page. Another important recommendation is that teachers and parents play an extremely important role in choosing books which are suitable for children’s cognitive and affective development, interest, and curiosity. As a result, teachers and parents should pay attention to students’ interests when choosing books for them. Additionally, children’s literature has many positive effects and can be a very comprehensive resource for teachers, which puts more importance on the different tasks of educators. Therefore, teachers need to know what makes up quality children’s literature, and at the same time, they should consider the interests and development levels of their students when choosing books for them. Furthermore, the teachers’ archives should be rich, and they should also keep up with current and newly released books. Thus, in light of the results from this current study, it is also recommended that the authors of children’s literature should keep children’s views in mind to meet what are ultimately the interests and expectations of their readers. 1. files.eric.ed.gov - 100 % 2.2 The role of children’s literature in the upbringing of a harmoniously developed generation Children's literature is a collection of artistic, scientific, popular science and journalistic works created for children and adolescents. The main part of them are works of art. Children's literature of the peoples of the world, including the Uzbek people, begins with examples of oral creations, most of which are intended for children, such as quick sayings, riddles, game songs, legends, myths, fairy tales, proverbs, parables and epics. Children's literature can be divided into works that were created directly for children and were not actually intended for children, but later passed on to children's literature. Any work of art written for toddlers’ suitability for their age, level, they must inculcate deep thoughts in their hearts, be rich in bright images and lofty ideals, and inspire them to great and glorious deeds. Most importantly, the topics should be covered in clear, simple and interesting language. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % Children’s literature is about young people of faith. It is a powerful weapon of our independent country in educating people in the spirit of patriotism. Only genuine works of art are strong for children meet these high requirements takes. Therefore, such books are of special importance both from a pedagogical and psychological point of view A children’s book is an artistic language in accomplishing this task rests. The language of a literary work is its content is a means of thematic and expressive disclosure. Written in a good, thematic, fluent, figurative, rich language, the work conveys the author's goals and ideas to the readers quickly and easily. A distinctive feature of children’s literature is a changing phenomenon that is directly related to the reader’s age, historical period, and social environment. Taking into account the age of the reader is one of the most important features of children's literature. While Mae argues that in preschoolers it is based on the seemingly simple contradictions of the forces of showmanship, goodness, and evil, the literature created for teenagers begins to reveal the psyche of complex people in complex lives. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % 2. files.eric.ed.gov - 33.33 % Another feature of children’s literature is its richness of action. Hence the demand for plot in children's literature. He e of events in a fast, fun, fantasy, humorous way requires In Eastern written literature, works classified under such names as "Pandnoma", "Nasihatnoma", "Axloqkitoblari" are the first examples of children's literature. Mae, Kaikovus's Mavizatnomai Kaikovus (Qobusnoma), Sheikh Savdi's Gulistan and Boston, and Gulkhani's Zarbulmasal are classic examples of Uzbek children's literature has been educating. The 90s were a period of renewal in the development of Uzbek children's literature. Thanks to independence, the revival of national, cultural, literary and religious values has had a significant impact on the work of children's literature, in whose works the image of the real Uzbek image began to take a leading place. The peculiarities of children's literature are more vividly reflected in the image of its protagonist. In children's literature, along with fiction, enlightenment also plays a leading role. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % 2. wos.academiascience.org - 100 % 3. britishview.co.uk - 100 % Because examples of children's literature also serve to educate young people in the spirit of human qualities. All periods The principles of development of children's literature are reflected, first of all, in enlightenment and upbringing. However, as children's literature develops, so does its desire to acquire elements of pure art and its interaction with the principles of universal literary development. In particular, in the early 20th century, Uzbek children's literature was dominated by more enlightening ideas. Principles of realistic literature predominate in children's literature, 50-60 years. The elements of adventure fiction in children's literature are growing. In 80s, the rise of psychologism in children’s literature has a spirit of striving to portray the young protagonist not as a young child, but as a person who is coming into life more and more rapidly, with his own views. Therefore, we need to instill in our children a love for books, reading from childhood. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % 2. wos.academiascience.org - 100 % Speaking about the great work being done in our country in this regard, first of all, it is necessary to mention the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On protection of children from information harmful to their health" adopted on September 8, 2017.Today's task is to protect our children, the creators of the future of this country, from harmful information that misleads many adults, not only young children, but also young people, whose life experience is just beginning to emerge. that life itself demands. "On a comprehensive program of measures to develop the system of printing and distribution of book products, increase and promote the culture of reading and reading", in my opinion, further clarified the work to be done. Reflecting on today's book reading and reading culture, it is unfortunate that the pursuit of economics rather than spirituality, rather than spiritual perfection, is reflected in the book publishing system for children. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % the focus is on more marketable publications. Just one example: the late Tursunboy Adashbaev, a true fan of our literature, applied to dozens of publishing houses to publish the "Saylanma" of Abdurahmon Akbar, a well-known children's poet who played a special role in the development of our children's poetry. The book was not published by Cholpon Publishing House, a children's literature publishing house. Fortunately, the book has seen the face of the world with the grace and patronage of a good man, as long as the world is not free of deserving people. My book, "Dear, Poetry," was published in 1997 as the winner of the State Press Committee's "Best Books for Children" competition. I published the next 2-3 books at my own expense. This is not a statement to blame, but a reminder that the day of the creator is left to look for a sponsor. You used to get paid for a book you wrote, that is, for your work. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % And today, to print your book, you have to turn yellow and look for a sponsor. The fact that on the initiative of our President, good deeds have been opened in this direction also inspired the creators. Every new book published for children is, in my opinion, a children’s holiday. After all, the book serves to guide the child in all times only to goodness, to sow the seeds of goodness in his hard, pure heart. This is an eternal truth. CONCLUSION This course paper is devoted to the investigation of Uzbek children’s literature and pedagogical ideas put forward in the works of the XX century. The work includes several theories on the notion of the theme and examples for Uzbek children’ literature in the English language. Due to the fact that learning foreign languages has been gaining its importance at an amazing rate these days, our country is taking great steps on the improvement of educating the youth foreign languages almost at all universities of Uzbekistan. 1. globalresearchnetwork.us - 100 % For this reason, the first president of Uzbekistan declared on December 10. 2012 that education, training and upbringing the younger generation are the products of the consciousness and mind. It is a crucial factor to determine its development. Therefore, the key to change society is initially to change the system of education as well as people’s mind. Nowadays, adding development of education in Uzbekistan as an actual problem, it express evaluating the education as a politics, and how important to pay attention to this. Under the guidance of The First President I.Karimov a special attention is paid a focus to formation of harmoniously developed, highly educated, modern thinking generation, able to take responsibility for the fate of the Homeland. For the synchronic analysis, in addition to representing the types of conversion in Present-Day English in greater detail, many controversial questions raised on conversion in English will be thoroughly investigated with numerous examples explicated; 1. era.ed.ac.uk ( 1 , 2 ) - 100 % there are four main problems that are raised in this linguistic field, namely the problem of directionality, the problem of definition of conversion, syntactic approach of conversion, and the issue of productivity. The purpose of this part of study is to outline a number of different linguistic theories that has been proposed on conversion. This course paper deals with the problem of the structural and semantic analyses of shortened slang words. It is obvious that shortening has a great role in a new word-building process in English lexicology. Ergo, the number of investigations devoted to the slang or shortened words in the realm of the English linguistics has increased dramatically for a couple of decades. Although much attention has been given to this sphere, the number of scientific researches relevant to the very structural and semantic analyses of the shortened words in slang lacks. In the Uzbek children's literature of the 30s and 40s of the XX century, writers, poets and playwrights began to create fairy tales in the style of folk tales. 1. era.ed.ac.uk ( 1 , 2 ) - 100 % 2. berlinstudies.de ( 1 , 2 ) - 100 % Works in Uzbek children's literature have become known as folk tales. Over time, literary critics began to speculate that both folk tales and works of authentic authorship were called fairy tales. The term "literary tale" has been used alongside the term fairy tale to distinguish between oral and written literature. Scholar L.Sharipova notes that the term "literary fairy tale" has become ingrained in our literature. A work of epic, dramatic, lyro-epic type, the author of which is clear and reflects the characteristics of a fairy tale, is called a literary fairy tale. Literary tales are known to have originated under the influence of folk tales. Such works are a genre created by stylizing folk tales. As children's literature learns the genre from folklore, it retains some aspects of folk tales and synthesizes some features with the features of written literature. Children are fascinated by the fact that both folk and literary tales have an interesting, sharp plot, and extraordinary situations in the course of events; their generous, strong, resourceful, courageous, quick-witted heroes, the ideological direction of the two fairy tales, and the scale of their themes attract children. There is a form of storytelling in both folk tales and literary tales. The unique expression of folk expressions, melody, expressiveness of language, vividness of expressive means is very interesting for children. Along with folk tales, literary tales also ideologically contribute to the patriotic, kind, hard-working, consequent, and, consequently, harmonious upbringing of the reader, to the development of the student's psyche with artistic perseverance is very important in shaping the taste, introducing children to nature, and being able to perform many similar tasks. Apparently, the two fairy tales have similarities as well as differences. The first similarity is that both oral and written fairy tales play an important role in the development of the younger generation, and the world of topics is wide. Folk tales and literary tales can be compared: 1. en.wikipedia.org - 33.33 % 1. The author of folk tales is not clear, that is, it is generally said that the people created. In this sense, they are called Uzbek, Kazakh, Azeri, Russian, Arabic, English, German and other folk tales. The author of literary tales is clearly a writer, poet or playwright. 2. Folk tales have been passed down from mouth to mouth, from ancestor to generation, for centuries. The development of literary tales does not go far. In the case of the Uzbek people, the history of folk tales is as ancient as the history of our people. Uzbek literary tales have been around for a century. 3. Folk tales can be changed by anyone, but literary tales cannot be tampered with by anyone but the author. 4. There may be a variant of folk tales, but literary tales usually do not. 5. Folk tales belong to the epic type. Literary tales can be epic, dramatic, or lyrical-epic. 6. The beginning of a fairy tale is mobile, so it can be found in any fairy tale in a sleepy way, and in literary fairy tales, it can be such a traditional beginning. 1. cejsr.academicjournal.io - 50 % We want to think about literary tales of the lyro-epic type. Hamza Hakimzoda Niyazi began the tradition of creating lyrical- epic literary tales in Uzbek children's literature with his poetic tale “Bolaning yomon bo’lmog’iga sabab bo’lgan onaning jazosi (Punishment of the mother who made the child bad)". This work was written on the basis of folklore in the 10s of the XX century. So, a literary fairy tale can also be created using the plot of genres such as myth, legend. There are two types of literary tales of the lyro-epic type: 1. Poetic tales. The plot of such literary tales is concise; the protagonists are numbered in a way that fits the reality of a story. For example, Shukur Sadulla's "Laqma it", Zafar Diyor's s“Yuksak tog’,, keng o’tloq va mard o’ rtoq haqida qissa", Polat Momin's "Tish cho„tka, paroshok va atirsovun ertagi", Anvar Abidjan's "Bo„rining tabib bo„lgani 1. en.wikipedia.org - 33.33 % haqida ertak" is a poetic tale, compact in size. These types of fairy tales are recommended for preschoolers and elementary school students. REZYUME Ushbu kurs ishi konversiya va qisqartirish xususiyatlarini o'rganadi. Kurs ishi mavzu tushunchasiga oid bir qancha nazariyalarni va ingliz tilidagi qisqartma turlariga oid misollarni o'z ichiga oladi. Keltirilgan turlar, so‘zlarning lug‘aviy kategoriyalarga aylanishiga qarab ikki turga: katta va kichik konversiya guruhlariga bo‘lingan. An'anaviy ravishda asosiy so'z turkumi ot, fe'l va sifatlar kabi so'zlar katta guruhga kiradi va boshqa so’z turkumlari kichik turiga mansubdir. Konversiya qilishning deyarli barcha turlari, ayniqsa, kichik guruhlardagi turli yondashuvlar bilan izohlanishi mumkin; ikki leksemashaklning bir xil shakllari orasida yangi shakllarning flektiv harakatini qabul qilish kabi ochiq morfologik ko‘rsatkich bo‘lmasa, konversiya sodir bo‘lganligini isbotlash uchun aniqlanmaydi. Ko'pgina holatlar keyingi tadqiqotlarni talab qiladi; ammo, bu tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi konvertatsiyaning har bir turini qisqacha tanishtirishdir. Dastlab, biz maqolaning nazariy qismida qisqartirish mavzusi va uning kichik turlari bo'yicha umumiy ma'lumotlar bilan tanishamiz. Ikkinchidan, munozara qismida qisqartirilgan jarangli so'zlarni strukturaviy-semantik tasniflashning aniq metodologiyasi taklif etiladi. Maqolaning oxirida yakuniy xulosa yakuniy qismda taqdim etiladi. To‘rt xil jargon lug‘atlarida kodlangan tanlangan jarangli so‘zlarning strukturaviy va semantik lingvistik usullarini ko‘rsatish yo‘li bilan bir xil ma’noli yangi va qisqaroq so‘z hosil qilish uchun so‘zning ayrim qismlarida qisqartirish yoki qisqartirish tushiriladi. Qisqartirishni o'ziga xos ildiz yaratish deb hisoblash mumkin, chunki hosil bo'lgan yangi morfemalar erkin shakl sifatida ishlatilishi va tegishli shakllar bilan birlashtirilishi mumkin. Ular funktsional qo'shimchalarni olishlari, fe'llarni hosil qilishlari va hosila yoki kompozitsiya bo'yicha keyingi so'zlarning shakllanishi uchun asos bo'lib xizmat qilishlari mumkin. Ingliz tili o'zgaruvchan yoki qisqartirilgan so'z va iboralarga boy, chunki ular kundalik turmush tarzida leksik, grammatik va semantik rang- baranglikni, ekspressivlikni va soddalikni aks ettiradi. Biroq, ularni tegishli vaziyatda yoki kontekstda to'g'ri ishlatish kerak. THE LIST OF USED LITERATURE 1. 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