Countries that are ruled by kings and queens Reading Focus

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• Main Idea / Reading Focus
• The Tudors and Parliament
• The Stuarts and Parliament
• The English Civil War
• The Monarchy Returns

• countries that are ruled by kings and queens

• Reading Focus
• How did the Tudors work with Parliament?
• What led the first two Stuart kings to clash with Parliament?
• What were the causes and results of the English Civil War?
• What happened when monarchy returned to England?

• Main Idea
• In contrast to the absolute monarchies of Spain and France, the English monarchy was limited by Parliament; following a civil war, Parliament became even more powerful.

• Monarchy in England

• Henry VIII created Protestant Church in England to divorce first wife
• Had Parliament pass laws ending power of pope in England
• In 1534 Act of Supremacy named king as head of Church of England

• Henry and Parliament

• Two prominent members of Tudor dynasty, Henry VIII and daughter Elizabeth I, ruled when absolutism common on European continent
• In England, Parliament placed curbs on absolute monarchy
• Both father, daughter had to learn to work with Parliament to fulfill goals

• Henry and Elizabeth

• The Tudors and Parliament

• Tension
• Tension developed between Parliament, queen
• Parliament pressured her to marry so she would have heir to throne
• Elizabeth refused, knowing marriage would limit her freedom
• Still managed to talk Parliament into approving funds she needed

• Edward, Mary, Elizabeth
• After Henry’s death and short reign of son Edward, Mary I became queen
• Often called Bloody Mary, briefly made England Catholic again
• 1558, Mary died; Elizabeth crowned queen
• Returned England to Anglican Church with Parliament’s help