Define the customer profile content Introduction the essence and content of the concepts of need and need Theories of classification of needs

DEFINE THE CUSTOMER PROFILE
Content
Introduction
1 The essence and content of the concepts of " need and need
2 Theories of classification of needs
3 Psychological types of clients and their specific needs
Conclusion
Bibliographic list

Introduction
Consumers are an integral part of any business activity. In this regard, the main task of the company's management is to be able to identify the needs of consumers and meet them in time. This is a prerequisite for the normal functioning of the enterprise.
The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that methods for determining the needs of consumers allow an enterprise (organization, firm) to calculate each of its steps and manage its assortment more effectively. The modern consumer strives for individualization of consumption, making increased demands not so much on the assortment, but on the quality of goods and services. The experience of foreign and domestic enterprises shows that the success of companies in the market depends not so much on production and financial capabilities, but more on customer orientation. The needs of consumers are the basis for making managerial decisions.
The purpose of the study is to characterize modern methods for determining the needs and needs of consumers.
The object of research is the needs and needs of consumers.
The subject of the research is methods for determining the needs of consumers.

1 The essence and content of the concepts of " need and need
In modern natural science, the term "need" has several meanings.
"Need - in the most general sense of the word - is an essential link in the system of relations of any active subject, it is a certain need of the subject in a certain set of external conditions of his being, a claim to external circumstances resulting from his essential properties, nature." [9]
In this capacity, the need acts as the cause of activity (more broadly, as the cause of all life activity). The etymology of this concept is such that it extends to the whole world of organic and social life, as if indicating a natural connection between these two higher forms of matter movement. This circumstance explains the versatility of the concept of "need".
A more detailed meaning of this category is associated with the concretization of ideas about the subject of activity, i.e., the carrier of needs.
The media can be:
? biological organism;
? the human individual;
? community of people (family, clan, tribe, people);
? social group or social stratum (class, nation, estate,
generation, professional group).
The specificity of the sociological analysis of the problem of needs is to clarify the relationship between the social subjects identified here. The intersection of the needs of these subjects, the coincidence between them, their unification, similarity and confrontation form a complex system.[22]
Different groups of social sciences consider different aspects in the complex picture of human needs. Each science makes its own specific contribution to their research. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on a number of specific scientific approaches to the consideration of this problem.
Economic approach. A distinctive feature is that, from the point of view of this approach, first of all, material needs are distinguished, which can be met through the development of material production. From here:
- the essence of needs is the objective need to reproduce the living conditions of people;
- the need expresses simultaneously the goal, the result and the measure of social production;
- needs are considered in relation to consumer demand. Demand acts as a form of manifestation of needs, provided with a monetary equivalent. At the same time, demand is the most important regulator of market relations.
Psychological approach. This approach contains a fairly large number of diverse sources, which have developed the following areas of research on the problem of human needs:
- need as need (D. N. Uznadze, A. Maslow, V. S. Magun, Z. Freud);
- as an object of need satisfaction (V. G. Lezhnev, A. Leontiev);
- as a state of need (I. A. Dzhidaryan, V. N. Myasishchev);
- as a motive (L. I. Bozhovich, A. G. Kovalev, S. L. Rubinstein).
A philosophical approach. The philosophical literature reflects the desire for a holistic understanding of the category "need" in the context of philosophical concepts. While in psychological, economic, and other particular disciplines the concept of need does not claim to be broadly interpreted, the philosophical definition of categories emphasizes the status of their universality and integrity. Therefore, the concept of "need" is analyzed and revealed in a broad theoretical and methodological context through the following concepts:" need"," necessity"," objective"," subjective"," activity"," activity"," goal"," interest","value".
A need is a need for something. This question involves the search for a single criterion for determining the need. In philosophy, the need, the lack of something is most often understood as a deficit. Needs relate to everything that is necessary for the body, what it does not currently possess. In this sense, the presence of a need is recognized not only in humans and animals, but also in plants. Thus, the concept of need as a need narrows the content of this category, since the specifics of the need at the human level remain outside the scope of consideration. In humans, the need is associated not only with an objectively existing shortage of essential vital substances in the body, but also includes the requirements of a person to the conditions of their environment, as well as the process of awareness of the need.
When defining a need that reveals its essence, it is necessary to note the following:
- Needs express the necessary connection of the subject of need with the material, energy and information resources of the external environment, the assimilation of which is a condition for their existence, functioning and development;
- The need always expresses the ability of the selective attitude of the subject of the need to the conditions of the external environment;
- The need is an expression of the contradiction between the subject of the need and the environment containing the necessary conditions (objects of needs) for its existence and development;