Degree of Master of

Farmers’ problems

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Analysis of the article “Development of the capture fisheries and aquaculture in Uzbekistan” showed that today farmers are facing numerous problems related to maintenance of fisheries in the Aydar-Arnasay lakes and they have to find an effective solutions by themselves.
It also has been found that each farmer has various cost price of one kg produced fish; the primary reason of that is different distance of farmer’s rented plots. Some farmers have lake plots close to transportation routes and populated areas whereas other farmers’ plots are located in the remote areas (Karimov 2008). All incremental costs are paid by the owners. Uzbek government does not provide any financial support for farmers with remote plots and they have to pay much more of their own money for fish delivery. Thus, it can be seen that
cost price of produced fish differs depending on distance to residential areas and roads (Thorpe and van Anrooy 2009).
Another problem examined by the author is farmers’ responsibility for conservation, rational use of fish resources in the Arnasay lakes. Farmers have to adjust to the fluctuations of water level in the Aydar-Arnasay lakes. It is notable that water level in these lakes has been increasing continually over the last years. Because of sharp increase of water level, fishermen have suffered from a huge damage. Fish facilities, utility rooms and other implements were inundated. Nobody bears responsibility for material and fishermen’s moral damage. The government will not make amends for farmers in case of increase or decrease of lake level (Kamilov and Kurambayeva 2008).
Furthermore, it has been concluded that fish equipment, i.e. fishing gears, floating crafts and other implements purchased by farmers are characterized by low quality and this will consequently lead to increase of costs. The government does not get involved in provision of centralized supplies, including netting materials, floating crafts, replacement parts for outboard motors and boats and other implements. Farmers have to buy all equipment as well as breeding stock at their own expenses (Shohimardonov 2008). If demand for breeding stock increases, fish farms producing such material will dictate terms to farmers due to their monopolistic activity. Due to inability to pay, farmers will purchase a low quality breeding stock, but at lower price.

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Consequently, poor quality breeding stock will cause even earlier inevitable degradation of fish resources in the Aydar-Arnasay lakes; the main problem here focuses on the fact that the government has no concerns about developing fish farms (Shohimardonov 2009). Specifically, Karimov (2008) states that the government must accept responsibility for elaboration of scientific and economically feasible fish stocking in the Aydar-Arnasay lakes. Also government must defray expenses of implementation of respective measures.
It has been concluded that in order to initiate favorable conditions for both farmers and fish farms and replenish fish resources in the AALS, Uzbek government must take obligatory part in the solution of problems examined above. In addition, to provide conservation, rational use and reproduction of fish resources in the Aydar-Arnasay lakes, measures aimed at alteration and amendment of regulation № 350 08/13/2003 “Measures on enhancing of demonopolization and privatization in the fish industry” adopted by Cabinet Council of the Republic Uzbekistan are required (Shohimardonov 2009).

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