Developmental Biology Overview - Developmental Biology
- Embryological Vocabulary
- The Spemann experiment
- Prospects
Developmental Biology - “The study of the process by which organisms grow and develop” wikipedia
- Grow: From a single cell to a multicellular, specialized organism. A process repeated successfully time after time.
- Develop: developmental processes take place throughout life
- Progenitor cells: muscle, bone marrow, neurons, skin
- Tumors
Developmental Biology - Paradox: There are not enough genes to encode the organism’s complexity
- Genes are “re-used”
- Timing, localization, combinations, dosage
- The concept of “One gene – one character” is generally wrong
- Self organization
- Why use model organisms?
- Ethical reasons
- Grow faster
- Rapid reproduction, many embryos
- Extra-organism development
- Fish, amphibians, insects…
- Development is a highly conserved evolutionary process
Model Organisms - Vertebrates, athropods, mollusks, and even worms have many similar proteins and DNA sequences
- Genes and proteins from one organism can be used in other organisms
- Genomes of many model organisms were sequenced
Model Organisms - Mouse - Mus musculus
- Chicken - Gallus gallus
- Zebrafish - Danio rerio
- Black Toed Frog – Xenopus leavis
- Salamander – Triton cristatus/teaniatus
- Sea Urchin – Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
- Round Worm - Caernohabitis elegans
- Fruit Fly – Drosophila Melanogaster
- Various plants
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
