Die Anschläge in New York und Washington am 11

Quality management
All measures undertaken by a company with the aim of 
establishing, assuring and improving quality. The scope 
and contents of quality management are commonly 
specified in a quality management manual, which should 
be drawn up in accordance with the ISO 9000 standards. 
Quality management is implemented at a company by 
means of a corresponding quality management system. 
Redundancy 
The multiple availability of identical resources in order to 
increase the fail-safeness of a system.
Risk 
Likelihood of a serious danger which 
─ constitutes a threat to human life, 
─ will impair the health of a large number of people, 
─ affects economic activity, public services and technical 
infrastructures and may cause damage to the environment, 
in particular animals and plants, the soil, the water, the 
atmosphere and cultural and material assets. 

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The risk expectation is classified according to different 
levels - “very high”, “high”, “medium”, “low”, “minimal” and 
“very minimal”. It is dependent on the susceptibility of the 
region concerned to damaging impacts, e.g. of a natural, 
physical, technical, economic nature (vulnerability), and on 
the likelihood of an exceptional situation occurring. 
In mathematical terms, the risk, r, is defined as the product 
of the extent of the damage, d, and the likelihood of 
occurrence, l.
r = d x l
Risk analysis 
Assessment of the danger potential and the susceptibility 
of a region/facility or installation to damaging impacts and 
determination of the resultant consequences (risk 
determination).
Risk 
assessment/evaluation 
Method of judging a risk in rational terms, with due 
consideration to its acceptability for society as a whole or 
for certain groups or individuals. Scientific risk analysis and 
perceived risk as determined by empirical studies form part 
of the risk assessment process.