Discourse analysis

Note: Native speaker and non-native speaker use the informal invitation differently
e.g. Natives: 'I was wondering, uh, we're having a party ...'.
The Non-Natives: 'I would like to invite you to a party'; 'I want you to come in a party'). It seems that native speakers usually preface. Disagreement second pair-parts in English with partial agreement ('yes, but . . . ') and with softeners, and non-natives are formal or too blunt.
Because of lower linguistic com­petence, non-native speakers use ritualized apology formulae than did native speaker. In other words the native speakers used other strategies such as 'repair offers' (e.g. 'oh dear, let me get you another one'). To elaborate the apology in this way, one must have the “linguistic equip­ment to do this in an L2’ what means non -natives should be familiar with that strategies. Before giving a task for learners to role play, teacher has to pre-teach particular strategies otherwise, role plays “can become no more than tests that learners are certain to fail” (M. Mcarthy 1:121). The language of native speaker has the same strategies e.g. invitation to the party may sounds like Uz “ Bayram qilmoqchimiz, vaqtingiz bo’ladimi ekan ??? kuni. Agar kelolsangiz formal boshimiz ko’kka yetar edi informal yahshi bo’lar edi. (hursand bo’lar edik”)

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  Could you give examples of adjacency pairs in your Native Language and their different structures e.g.
  

appreciation
softener
reason
face-saver

Activity 2 Look at these extracts from natural data and consider the different func­tions of thank you in each case. Follow-up moves such as 'not at all' / 'that’s okay' / 'you're welcome' would not be appropriate here in British English; why not? Can you think of any culture or language where they would be realize.

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