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Capacitive sensors are designed to lock metal cabinets, safes, individual items, and create protective barriers. The principle of operation of the sensors is based on a change in the electrical capacitance of the sensing element (antenna) when a person approaches or touches a protected object. At the same time, the protected object must be installed on the floor with a good insulating coating or on an insulating gasket.
It is allowed to connect several metal safes or cabinets to one sensor in the room. The number of connected items depends on their capacity, the design features of the room and being clarified when setting up the sensor.
Sound (acoustic) sensors are designed to block glazed structures (windows, showcases, stained glass windows, etc.) for breaking. The principle of operation of these sensors is based on a non-contact method of acoustic control of the destruction of a glass sheet by vibrations arising during its destruction in the sound frequency range and propagating through the air.
When installing the sensor, all sections of the protected glazed structure must be within its direct view.
Ultrasonic sensors are designed to block the volumes of enclosed spaces. The principle of operation of the sensors is based on the registration of disturbances in the field of elastic waves of the ultrasonic range created by special emitters when moving in the human detection zone. The sensor detection zone has the shape of an ellipsoid of rotation or a teardrop shape.
Due to the low noise immunity, they are currently practically not used.
Radio wave sensors are designed to protect the volumes of enclosed spaces, internal and external perimeters, individual objects and building structures, open areas. The principle of operation of radio wave sensors is based on the registration of disturbances of electromagnetic waves of the microwave range emitted by the transmitter and recorded by the receiver of the sensor when a person moves in the detection zone. The sensor detection zone (as with ultrasonic sensors) has the shape of an ellipsoid of rotation or a teardrop shape. The detection zones of different sensors differ only in size.
Radio wave sensors are one- and two-position. Single-position sensors are used to protect the volumes of enclosed spaces and open areas, two-position sensors are used to protect perimeters.
When choosing, installing and operating radio wave sensors, one of their features should be remembered. For electromagnetic waves of the microwave range, some building materials and structures are not an obstacle (a screen) and they freely, with some weakening, penetrate through them. Therefore, the detection zone of the radio wave sensor may in some cases extend beyond the protected premises, which may cause false alarms. Such materials and structures include, for example, thin plasterboard partitions, windows, wooden and plastic doors, etc. That’s why, radio wave sensors should not be oriented to window openings, thin walls and partitions, behind which the movement of large objects and people is possible during the protection period. It is not recommended to use them on objects near which powerful radio transmitters are located.