Education in Malaysia


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Postgraduate programmes[edit]
Postgraduate degrees such as the Master of Business Administration (MBA) and the Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) are becoming popular and are offered by both the public universities and the private colleges.
All public and most private universities in Malaysia offer Master of Science degrees either through coursework or research and Doctor of Philosophy degrees through research.
Polytechnics[edit]
Polytechnics in Malaysia provide courses for bachelor's degree, Advanced Diploma, Diploma and Special Skills Certificate.
The following is a list of the polytechnics in Malaysia in order of establishment:-

Official Name inMalay

Acronym

Foundation

Type

Location

Link

Politeknik Ungku Omar

PUO

1969

Premier Polytechnic (University Status)

IpohPerak

[1]

Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah

POLISAS

1976

Conventional Polytechnic

Kuantan,Pahang

[2]

Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah

POLIMAS

1984

Conventional Polytechnic

Bandar Darul AmanKedah

[3]

Politeknik Kota Bharu

PKB

1985

Conventional Polytechnic

Ketereh,Kelantan

[4]

Politeknik Kuching Sarawak

PKS

1987

Conventional Polytechnic

Kuching,Sarawak

[5]

Politeknik Port Dickson

PPD

1990

Conventional Polytechnic

Si Rusa,Negeri Sembilan

[6]

Politeknik Kota Kinabalu

PKK

1996

Conventional Polytechnic

Kota Kinabalu,Sabah

[7]

Politeknik Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

PSA

1997

Premier Polytechnic (University Status)

Shah Alam,Selangor

[8]

Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan

PIS

1998

Premier Polytechnic (University Status)

Pasir Gudang,Johor

[9]

Politeknik Seberang Perai

PSP

1998

Conventional Polytechnic

Permatang PauhPulau Pinang

[10]

Politeknik Melaka

PMK

1999

Conventional Polytechnic

Malacca

[11]

Politeknik Kuala Terengganu

PKKT

1999

Conventional Polytechnic

Kuala Terengganu,Terengganu

[12]

Politeknik Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin

PSMZA

2001

Conventional Polytechnic

Dungun,Terengganu

[13]

Politeknik Merlimau

PMM

2002

Conventional Polytechnic

Merlimau,Malacca

[14]

Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah

PSAS

2002

Conventional Polytechnic

Behrang,Perak

[15]

Politeknik Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah

PTSB

2002

Conventional Polytechnic

KulimKedah

[16]

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

PSIS

2003

Conventional Polytechnic

Sungai Air Tawar,Selangor

[17]

Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin

PTSS

2003

Conventional Polytechnic

Ulu Pauh,Perlis

[18]

Politeknik Muadzam Shah

PMS

2003

Conventional Polytechnic

Muadzam Shah,Pahang

[19]

Politeknik Mukah Sarawak

PMU

2004

Conventional Polytechnic

Mukah,Sarawak

[20]

Politeknik Balik Pulau

PBU

2007

Conventional Polytechnic

Balik Pulau,Pulau Pinang

[21]

Politeknik Jeli

PJK

2007

Conventional Polytechnic

JeliKelantan

[22]

Politeknik Nilai

PNS

2007

Conventional Polytechnic

Negeri Sembilan

[23]

Politeknik Banting

PBS

2007

Conventional Polytechnic

Kuala Langat,Selangor

[24]

Politeknik Mersing

PMJ

2008

Conventional Polytechnic

Mersing,Johor

[25]

Politeknik Hulu Terengganu

PHT

2008

Conventional Polytechnic

Kuala Berang,Terengganu

[26]

Politeknik Sandakan

PSS

2009

Conventional Polytechnic

Sandakan,Sabah

[27]

Politeknik METrO Kuala Lumpur

PMKL

2011

METrO Polytechnic

Setiawangsa,Kuala Lumpur

[28]

Politeknik METrO Kuantan

PMKU

2011

METrO Polytechnic

Kuantan,Pahang

[29]

Politeknik METrO Johor Bahru

PMJB

2011

METrO Polytechnic

Johor Bahru,Johor

[30]

Politeknik METrO Betong

TBD

2012

METrO Polytechnic

Kuching,Sarawak

TBD

Politeknik METrO Tasek Gelugur

TBD

2012

METrO Polytechnic

Butterworth,Pulau Pinang

TBD

Politeknik Pagoh

TBD

2013

Conventional Polytechnic

MuarJohor

TBD

Other types of schools[edit]
See also: List of schools in Malaysia
Apart from national schools, there are other types of schools in Malaysia.
Islamic religious schools[edit]
A system of Islamic religious schools exists in Malaysia. Primary schools are called Sekolah Rendah Agama (SRA), while secondary schools are calledSekolah Menengah Agama (SMA).
Another type of schools available in Malaysia is the Islamic religious schools orsekolah agama rakyat (SAR). The schools teach Muslim students subjects related to Islam such as early Islamic history, Arabic language and Fiqh. It is not compulsory though some states such as Johor make it mandatory for all Muslim children aged six to twelve to attend the schools as a complement to the mandatory primary education. In the final year, students will sit an examination for graduation. Most SAR are funded by respective states and managed by states' religious authority.
Previously, former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohammad suggested to the government that the SARs should be closed down and integrated into the national schools. However, his proposal was met with resistance and later, the matter was left to die quietly.
Such schools still exist in Malaysia, but are generally no longer the only part of a child's education in urban areas. Students in rural parts of the country do still attend these schools. Some of the academic results published by these schools are accepted by mainline universities by taking Malaysia High Certificate of Religious Study (Sijil Tinggi Agama Malaysia, abbreviated as STAM), and many of these students continue their education in locations such as Pakistan or Egypt. Some of their alumni include Nik Adli (son of PAS spiritual leader Nik Aziz).
Some parents also opt to send their children for religious classes after secular classes. Sunday schools and after school classes at the mosque are various options available.
Chinese independent high schools[edit]
After receiving primary education in national-type primary schools, some students from SJK(C) may choose to study in a Chinese independent high school. Chinese independent high schools are funded mostly by the Malaysian Chinese public, with UCSCAM (United Chinese School Committees Association of Malaysia, also known as Dong Jiao Zong after its Chinese acronym) as the overall co-ordination body. Students in Chinese independent high schools study in three junior middle levels and three senior middle levels, similar to the secondary schools systems inmainland China and Taiwan; each level usually takes one year. Like the students in public secondary schools, students in Chinese independent high schools are put into several streams like Science or Art/Commerce in the senior middle levels. However, some schools recently provided unique streams like Electrical Engineering, Food and Beverage Studies or Arts Design. The medium of instruction in Chinese independent high schools is Mandarin and uses simplified Chinese characters in writing.
Students in Chinese independent high schools take standardised tests known as the Unified Examination Certificate (UEC) at the end of Junior Middle 3 and Senior Middle 3. UEC has been run by UCSCAM since 1975. The UEC is available in three levels: Vocational Unified Exam (UEC-V), UEC Junior Middle Level (UEC-JML/JUEC) and Senior Middle Level (UEC-SML/SUEC). The syllabus and examinations for the UEC-V and UEC-JML are only available in the Chinese language. The UEC-SML has questions for mathematics, sciences (biology, chemistry and physics), bookkeeping, accounting and commerce in both Chinese and English.
UEC-SML is recognised as an entrance qualification in many tertiary educational institutions internationally, including those in Singapore, Australia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Mainland China and some European countries, as well as most private colleges in Malaysia, but not by the government of Malaysia for entry into public universities. As the government of Malaysia does not recognise the UEC, some Chinese independent high schools provide instructions in the public secondary school syllabus in addition to the independent school syllabus, thus enabling the students to sit for PT3, SPM, or even STPM.

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