Education of the republic of uzbekistan denou entrepreneurship and pedagogy the faculty of philology

GLOSSARY
Absorption: The passage of one substance into or through another.
Absorption (of light): A process by which light is taken-up by another material. Examples include soot consisting of tiny black particles, which absorb all visible light; and nitrogen dioxide, a pollutant mostly from diesel and gasoline engines, that absorbs blue light resulting in air with a brown tint.
Acid: A substance that has a pH of less than 7 (7 = neutral) which can lower the pH value of water or soils to be harmful to growth of crops.
Acre-foot (AF): A quantity or volume of water covering one acre to a depth of one foot; equal to 43,560 cubic feet or 325,851 gallons.
Activated Carbon: Adsorptive particles or granules of carbon usually obtained by heating carbon (such as wood). These particles or granules have a high capacity to selectively remove certain trace and soluble materials, including many contaminants, from water.
Active Management Area (AMA): The five areas in the state – Prescott, Phoenix, Pinal, Tucson and Santa Cruz – where the 1980 Arizona Groundwater Code, administered by the Arizona Department of Water Resources, recognized the need to aggressively manage finite groundwater resources.
Acute: Occurring over a short period of time; used to describe brief exposures and effects which appear promptly after exposure.
Acute Exposure: A single exposure to a toxic substance which may result in severe biological harm or death. Acute exposures are usually characterized as lasting no longer than a day, as compared to longer, continuing exposure over a period of time.
Acute Toxicity: The ability of a substance to cause poisonous effects resulting in severe biological harm or death soon after a single exposure or dose. Also, any severe poisonous effect resulting from a single short-term exposure to a toxic substance.
Adsorbent: The material (activated carbon) that is responsible for removing the undesirable substance in the adsorption process.
Adsorption: The adhesion (or sticking) of molecules of gas, liquid, or dissolved solids to a surface.
Advection: The horizontal transfer of heat or matter in the atmosphere.
Adverse Health Effect: Any effect resulting in a change in body function or cell structure that might lead to disease or health problems.