Экзамен по стилистике Stylistics as a science and style as a main stylistic category

Aposiopesis (break-in-the-narrative) is a feature of spontaneous speech. The written variety of language is characterized by logical coherence. A break is treated as a deliberate device the aim of which is to focus the attention on what is said. The only key to decoding aposiopesis is the context. It is used mainly in the dialogue or in other forms of narrative imitating spontaneous oral speech. The sentence is broken and left unfinished either because a pause is sometimes more eloquent than spoken words, or the speaker is overwhelmed with emotions and doesn’t want to shape in words what might be unpleasant or harsh. The missing part of the sentence can be easily restored. Ex.: I don’t want to blame you, but ….
Another cause of the break is the desire to cut short the information with which the sentence began. In such cases there are usually special remarks by the author, indicating the intentional abruptness of the end. Ex: "People liked to be with her. And —" She paused again, " - and she was crazy about you." (R. Warren)
In many cases break is the result of the speaker's uncertainty as to what exactly he is to promise (to threaten, to beg). To mark the break, dashes and dots are used. It is only in cast-iron structures that full stops may also appear, as in the well-known phrases "Good intentions, but", or "It depends".


Anaphora, epiphora and framing
Anaphora - the beginning of two or more successive sentences (clauses) is repeated, Ex:. “ Farewell to the mountains high covered with snow!
Farewell to the straits and green valleys below!
Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods!
Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods!” (Burns)
Ex.: Best for baby. Best for you. (Johnson & Johnson - shampoo).
The main stylistic function of anaphora is not so much to emphasize the repeated unit as to create the background for the nonrepeated unit, which, through its novelty, becomes foregrounded. The background-forming function of anaphora is also evident from the kind of words which are repeated anaphorically.