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There are many reasons why an environment may be sensitive or difficult to manage:
harsh climate; remoteness; the impact of natural disasters; as a consequence of easily
damaged vegetation or soil; because of insularity; as
a result of excessive human
demands. Excessive demands may be made in rich and poor countries, causing
environmental degradation sometimes at low human population densities (as in parts
of Australia, Amazonia, or Siberia). Certain parts of the world are more likely to
suffer natural disasters: seismically
and volcanically active areas, those subject to
hurricane or tornado, tsunami, avalanche, landslide,
sudden frost, etc. These risks
can be mapped by hazard and risk assessment, for insurance companies, civil defence,
etc. It is also possible to map things that are vulnerable to disruption,
by say frost or
pollution or erosion. Hazardous sites, like chemical plants, and potential military
targets can also be mapped. Various assessments and maps can be overlaid or combined
in a GIS-type system to assess combined risks. Unfortunately, there
may be no efforts
to make such assessments.
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