Environmental performance of the innovative, patented mixing system in an agricultural biogas plant based on lca approach
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Table 2
Impact values of the studied scenarios in selected impact categories in reference to FU. impact category Unit S01 S02 Acidification molc H+ eq 0.071 0.054 Terrestrial eutrophication molc N eq 0.131 0.108 Climate change kg CO 2 eq 126.049 109.016 Freshwater ecotoxicity CTUe 124.122 88.743 Land use kg C deficit 6.380 4.633 Table 3 Environmental impact values of unit processes for scenario S02 in selected impact categories in reference to FU. impact category Unit slurry storage anaerobic digestion electricity production Acidification molc H+ eq 0.003 0.026 0.025 Terrestrial eutrophication molc N eq 0.005 0.032 0.071 Climate change kg CO 2 eq 1.427 4.448 103.141 Freshwater ecotoxicity CTUe 3.933 40.692 44.117 Land use kg C deficit 0.161 1.640 2.832 E. Wrzesi´nska-Jędrusiak et al. Journal of Cleaner Production 349 (2022) 131420 8 The global warming potential (GWP, climate change) is the most common impact category and it is presented in basically all the studies in this field ( Esteves et al., 2019 ). Results for the global warming potential presented in this study differ from other studies published by, for example ( Lij´o et al., 2015 ). This may be due to various factors such as a type of feedstock, the amount of methane in the biogas produced, or the energy efficiency of a cogeneration system. In addition, methodological aspects such as a definition of system boundaries, a consideration of avoided burdens from the slurry management ( Jury et al., 2010 ) or the use of heat waste should be taken into consideration. For the scenarios S01 and S02 studied, the avoided burden approach was not applied due to the different goals of the study directed to the environmental per- formance aspect of the innovative hybrid pump tested. In addition, the GWP studies did not previously consider biogenic CO 2 or CO 2 uptake, the calculations of which were introduced in the updated IPCC method in 2021. On the other hand, if we compare the results for carbon dioxide emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels the results are similar to ( Saracevic et al., 2019 ) for biogas systems with comparable electric power. The application of the hybrid pump reduces the environmental impact of the biogas plant with reference to the conventional hydraulic pump by an average ratio of 44:56 ( Fig. 6 ). Depending on the impact category, this ratio is variable. The greatest differences in the impact were observed for the land use, freshwater ecotoxicity and acidification categories, while the slightest differences in the environmental burden were noted for the terrestrial eutrophication and climate change cate- gories. The results, therefore, indicate that the mixing of the contents of the fermentation chamber in the biogas plant is one of the parameters that not only has a significant impact on the efficiency of the fermen- tation process but also the generation of environmental burdens of the biogas plant. Research on an innovative mixing system with a hybrid pump has shown an increase in methane yield of 10% in the biogas ( Karim et al., 2005 ). conducted similar research on the effect of mixing on biogas production. The research was conducted at a laboratory scale, mixing was conducted by recirculating biogas, using a rotor agitator and by recirculating the fermentation mass ( Karaeva et al., 2015 ). The fermentation process of cow slurry with a dry mass content of 5%, 10% and 15% was analysed. Experiments were conducted at a controlled temperature of 35 ◦ C and a hydraulic retention time of 16.2 days. The research results showed that the non-mixing and mixing of the contents of the fermentation chamber, when fed with 5% slurry, had no effect on Download 4.03 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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