Points to be discussed: - The mixed character of the English language.
- Words of native origin and the role they play in the language.
- Borrowings in the English language: classification, special types, assimilation.
- Etymology as a branch of Lexicology studies the earliest form and meaning of the word and its connection with the corresponding words in other languages
Indo-European – words of roots common to all or most Indo-European languages - Family relations: mother, son, daughter
- Parts of human body: foot, nose, lip, heart
- Animals: cow, swine, goose
- Plants: tree, birch, corn
- Time of day: day, night
- Heavenly bodies: sun, moon, star
- Adjectives: red, new, sad, glad
- Numerals 1-100
- Personal and demonstrative pronouns
- Verbs: be, stand, sit, eat, know
- Parts of human body: head, hand, arm, finger, bone
- Animals: bear, fox, calf
- Plants: oak, fir, grass
- Natural phenomena: rain, frost
- Seasons of the year: winter, spring, summer
- Landscape features: sea, land
- Human dwellings and furniture: house, room, bench
- Sea-going vessels: boat, ship
- Adjectives: green, blue, grey, white, small, thick, high, old, good
- Verbs: see, hear, speak, tell, say, answer, make, give, drink
English proper words have no cognates in other languages: - Bird, boy, girl, lord, lady, woman, daisy, always
- Borrowing
- 1) process of adopting words from other languages to express new concepts, to further differentiate the existing concepts and to name new objects, phenomena, etc.;
- 2) the result of this process (words and word building affixes borrowed into the language)
- Source of borrowing - the language from which the word was taken
- Origin of borrowing - the language the word may be traced to
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