Evstifeeva M. Teoreticheskaya fonetika angl yazyka pdf
V. According to the position of the soft palate
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Lecture 3
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- 2.3. Phonological classification
V. According to the position of the soft palate all consonants are
classified into: — oral consonants [p, b, t, d, k, g, f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ∫, j, h, t∫, ʤ, w, r, l, j], produced when the soft palate is raised; — nasal consonants [m, n, ŋ], produced when the soft palate is low- ered. 2.3. Phonological classification T he phonological description of consonants partially follows the ar- ticulatory one but still has certain distinctions. The same points are taken into consideration (the degree of noise, the manner of articulation, the place of articulation, the presence of voice, the position of the soft palate), but they are studied from the point of view of the functional relevance which is exemplified with the help of distinctive oppositions. I. The first two points of articulatory classification are the degree of noise and the manner of articulation. They are considered to be relevant for phonological description as well, but some disputes arise concerning their primary importance. For example, V.A. Vassilyev gives major importance to the type of ob- struction and distinguishes the opposition of occlusive consonants vs. con- strictive ones: tea [ti:] — sea [si:], seed [si:d] — seas [si:z], pull [pul] — full [ful], boat [bǩut] — vote [vǩut]. Each of the classes is then divided into noise consonants and sonorants with further subdivisions. consonants ÷ ø occlusive constrictive ÷ ø ÷ ø noise consonants sonorants noise consonants sonorants ÷ ø ÷ ø plosives affricates medial lateral 34 M.A. Sokolova suggests another approach and states the degree of noise to be the first and basic principle of classification. Thus conso- nants are divided into noise consonants and sonorants because of great articulatory and acoustic differences between them. The phono- logical relevance of this factor is proved by contrastive oppositions: bake [beık] — make [meık], veal [vi:l] — wheel [wi:l]. Each of the classes then undergoes further subdivisions. consonants ÷ ø noise consonants sonorants ÷ ò ø ÷ ø occlusive constrictive occlusive- constrictive occlusive constrictive ÷ ø lateral medial Still in spite of all the controversy in opinions, both characteristics are essential for the phonological description of consonants. Download 322.48 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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