Exploration

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.^[1]
Exploration has been defined as:

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  To examine or investigate something systematically.^[2]
  
• 
  To travel somewhere in search of discovery.^[2]
  
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  To examine diagnostically.^[2]
  
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  To (seek) experience first hand.^[2]
  
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  To wander without any particular aim or purpose.^[2]
  

In all these definitions there is an implication of novelty, or unfamiliarity or the expectation of discovery in the exploration, whereas a survey implies directed examination, but not necessarily discovery of any previously unknown or unexpected information. The activities are not mutually exclusive, and often occur simultaneously to a variable extent. The same field of investigation or region may be explored at different times by different explorers with different motivations, who may make similar or different discoveries.
Intrinsic exploration involves activity that is not directed towards a specific goal other than the activity itself.^[3]
Extrinsic exploration has the same meaning as appetitive behavior.^{[4][clarification needed]}
Motivation[edit]
See also: Curiosity
Curiosity is a quality related to inquisitive thinking and activities such as exploration, investigation, and learning, evident by observation in humans and other animals.^[5][6] Exploratory behavior is the movements of people and other animals while becoming familiar with to new environments, even when there is no obvious biological advantage to it. A lack of exploratory behaviour may be considered an indication of fearfulness or emotionality.^[7]

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  Inspective exploration or specific exploration is directed towards reducing uncertainty, reducing anxiety, or fear, associated with novel stimuli, and thus decreasing arousal.^[8]
  
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  Diversive exploration is exploratory behavior seeking seeking novel or otherwise activating stimuli and thus increasing arousal.^[9]
  
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  Affective exploration is behaviour directed towards maintaining a desired hedonic level of stimulation.^[10]
  

Types[edit]