Expressive Means (EM) and Stylistic Devices (SD)

III. Peculiar Use of Set Expressions
The Cliche
A cliche is generally defined as an expression that has become hackneyed and trite. It has lost its precise meaning by constant reiteration: in other words it has become stereotyped. Cliche is a kind of stable word combination which has become familiar and which has been accepted as a unit of a language
e. g. rosy dreams of youth, growing awareness.
Proverbs are short, well-known, supposedly wise sayings, usually in simple language.
e.g. Never say never. You can't get blood of a stone.
Proverbs are expressions of culture that are passed from generation to generation. They are words of wisdom of culture- lessons that people of that culture want their children to learn and to live by. They are served as some symbols, abstract ideas. Proverbs are usually dedicated and involve imagery.
e.g. Out of sight, out of mind.
Epigram is a short clever amusing saying or poem. e.g. A thing of beauty is a joy forever.
Quotation is a phrase or sentence taken from a work of literature or other piece of writing and repeated in order to prove a point or support an idea. They are marked graphically: by inverted commas: dashes, italics.
Allusion is an indirect reference, by word or phrase, to a historical. literary, mythological fact or to a fact of everyday life made in the course of speaking or writing. The use of allusion presupposes knowledge of the fact, thing oк person alluded to on the part of the reader or listener.

Syntactical Stylistic Devices

Syntactical Stylistic Devices may be grouped according to:

I. Patterns of syntactical Inversion,
arrangement Detachment.
Parallelism.
Chiasmus.
Repetition.
Enumeration.
Suspense.
Climax.
Antithesis.

II. Peculiar linkage Asyndeton.

Polysyndeton.
Gap - sentence - link.

III. Colloquial constructions Ellipsis.

Aposiopesis.
Question - in - the narrative.
Represented speech.

IV. Stylistic use of structural Rhetorical questions,.

meaning Litotes.