Faculty of air transport engineering the department of «air navigation systems»
Position Official salary according to
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Diploma work
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- CHAPTER IV. LIFE SAFETY.
Figure 12. The final salary of the flight supervisor Thus, the salary of the flight manager in accordance with Figure 11 and Figure 12, and according to the sectoral tariff agreement between the central committee of the aviation workers union, is 4328640 sums per month. CHAPTER IV. LIFE SAFETY. Life safety — 1) a favorable, normal state of the human environment, working and learning conditions, food and recreation, in which the possibility of dangerous factors that threaten his health, life, property, and legitimate interests is reduced; 2) the science of safe human interaction with the environment; 3) an educational discipline in the system of secondary vocational and higher education that forms knowledge, skills and abilities to ensure their own safety, actions in dangerous, including emergency situations. The main goal of life safety as a science is to protect people in the Technosphere from negative hazards (impacts) of anthropogenic and natural origin and the achievement of comfortable or safe living conditions. Working standing is more expedient if you need constant movements associated with setting up and adjusting equipment. It creates maximum opportunities for visibility and free movement. Working in a sitting posture is more rational and less tiring, since the height of the center of gravity over the support area decreases, the body’s stability increases, the muscle tension decreases, and the load on the cardiovascular system decreases. In the sitting position, it is possible to perform work that requires precision. movement. However, in this case, there may be stagnation in the pelvic organs, difficulty in the work of the circulatory organs and breathing. The change of posture leads to a redistribution of the load on muscle groups, improvement of blood circulation conditions, and limits monotony. Therefore, where it is compatible with technology and production conditions, it is necessary to provide for work to be done both standing and sitting so that workers can change their position at their discretion. When organizing the production process, one should take into account the anthropometric and psycho-physiological characteristics of a person, him opportunities regarding the magnitude of the effort, pace and rhythm of the operations performed, as well as anatomical and physiological differences between men and women. A significant influence on the operability of the operator has the correct choice of the type and placement of organs and control panels of machines and mechanisms. When assembling posts and control panels, it is necessary to know that in the horizontal plane the viewing area without turning the head is 120 °, with rotation - 225 °; The optimal horizontal viewing angle without turning the head is 30–40 ° (permissible 60 °), with turning - 130 °. The permissible horizontal viewing angle of the axis of view is 130 °, the optimum is –30 ° up and 40 ° way down. Dashboards should be positioned so that the planes of the front parts of the indicators are perpendicular to the gaze lines of the operator, and the necessary controls are within reach. The most important controls should be located at the front and to the right of the operator. The maximum dimensions of the reach of the right hand -70 ... 110 cm. Operation panel depth should not exceed 80 cm. The height of the panel, intended for sitting and standing should be 75 ... 85 cm. Console panel can be inclined to the horizontal plane by 10 ... 20 °, the backrest tilts when sitting 0 ... 10. In order to better distinguish between the controls, they must be different in shape and size, painted in different colors or have markings or corresponding inscriptions. When grouping several levers in one place, it is necessary that their handles have a different shape. This allows the operator to distinguish them by touch and switch levers without taking their eyes off work. Periodic alternation of work and rest contributes to maintaining high operational sustainability. There are two forms of alternating periods of work and rest at work: the introduction of a lunch break in the middle of the working day and short-term regulated breaks. The optimal duration of the lunch break is set taking into account the distance from the workplaces of sanitary facilities, canteens, and the organization of food distribution. The duration and number of short breaks is determined on the basis of observations of the dynamics of working capacity, taking into account the severity and intensity of labor. When performing work that requires considerable effort and the participation of large muscles, rarer, but long 10 ... 12-minute breaks are recommended. When performing particularly difficult work (metallurgists, blacksmiths, etc.), work should be combined for 15…20 minutes with a rest of such duration. When working requiring a great deal of nervous tension and attention, quick and accurate hand movements, more frequent but short 5 ... 10-minute breaks are advisable. In addition to the regulated breaks, there are micropause - interruptions in work that occur spontaneously between operations and actions. Micropauses ensure the maintenance of an optimal rate of work and a high level of efficiency. Depending on the nature and severity of the work, the micropause constitutes 9 ... 10% of the working time. High performance and vital activity of the body is supported by rational alternation of periods of work, rest and sleep of a person. During the day, the body reacts differently to physical and neuro-psychological stress. In accordance with the daily cycle of the body, the highest performance is noted in the morning (from 8 to 12 h) and daily (from 14 to 17 h) hours. In the daytime, the smallest working capacity, as a rule, is observed between 12 and 14 hours, and at night, from 3 to 4 hours, reaching its minimum. Taking these patterns into account, they determine the shift operation of enterprises, the start and end of work in shifts, rest and sleep breaks. The alternation of periods of work and rest during the week should be adjusted taking into account the dynamics of working capacity. The highest performance falls on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th day of work, in the following days of the week it drops, falling to a minimum on the last day of work. On Monday, performance is relatively lowered due to workability. The elements of a rational mode of work and rest are production gymnastics and a set of measures for psycho-physiological unloading, including functional music. For the removal of neuro-psychological stress, the fight against fatigue, and the restoration of working capacity, relaxation rooms or rooms of psychological stress have recently been successfully used. They are specially equipped rooms in which, during the time allotted for this, they conduct sessions to relieve fatigue and mental stress. The effect of psycho-emotional unloading is achieved by aesthetic interior design, the use of comfortable furniture, allowing you to stay in a comfortable relaxed position, broadcasting specially selected music, saturating the air with beneficial negative ions, receiving tonic drinks, imitating the natural environment in the room and playing the sounds of the forest, sea surf and others One of the elements of psychological relief is autogenic training, based on a complex of interrelated methods of mental self-regulation and simple physical exercises with verbal self-hypnosis. This method allows you to normalize mental activity, emotional sphere and vegetative functions. As experience shows, the stay of workers in the rooms of psychological relief helps to reduce fatigue, the appearance of vigor, good mood and improved well-being. Download 0.93 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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