The direct method group: 2035 name : halimova nigina the Direct Method and its Background

a. Theory of learning

The theory of learning of Direct Method is not translation and native language. Student must associate the meaning in target language directly. Grammar is taught inductively, that is the students are presented with example and they figute out the rule or generalization from the example, students practice vocabulary by using new words in complete sentences.

b. Theory of target language

The using of target language is a must in Direct Method, no translation and native language that used. Students must think in the target language. The primary language is spoken not written. Vocabulary is emphasized over grammar. The four skills (reading, writing, speaking and listening) occurs from the start oral communication is seen as a basic, pronunciation also became attention from the beginning of a course.

Principles of Direct Method

In practice it stood for the following principles and procedures:

• Classroom instruction was conducted exclusively in the target language.
• The native language is should not be used in the classroom
• Only everyday vocabulary and sentences were taught.
• Oral communication skills were built up in a carefully graded progression organized around question-and-answer exchanges between teachers and students in small, intensive classes.
• The purpose of language learning is communication
• Grammar was taught inductively.
• New teaching points were introduced orally.

8) Concrete vocabulary was taught through demonstration, objects, and pic­tures; abstract vocabulary was taught by association of ideas.

8) Concrete vocabulary was taught through demonstration, objects, and pic­tures; abstract vocabulary was taught by association of ideas.

9) Object present in the immediate classroom environment is should be used to help students understanding the meaning.

10) Lesson should contain some conversational activity-some opportunity for student to use language in real contexts. Students should be encouraged to speak as much as possible.