Variant 1 You could have come first and won the race if you … faster

21. The main idea of the passage is that …
A) smoking during pregnancy increases the possibility of the child committing crimes in adult life.
B) pregnant women who smoke should be regarded as criminals and be punished.
C) most criminals are heavy smokers.
D) 4,169 males were born in Copenhagen between the years 1959 and 1961.
22. The research mentioned in the passage …
A) was a repetition of several previous studies, which were inconclusive.
B) mainly dealt with the adult behaviour of the children of smoking mothers.
C) studied only the last third of a mother`s pregnancy.
D) concentrated on the effects of smoking before and after pregnancy.
23. From the passage, we can say that the researchers were careful because …
A) all men between September 1959 and December 1961 were studied.
B) they chose subjects who had only committed minor crimes.
C) other possible causes of crime were also considered.
D) they studied so many men from so many different countries.
24. The research about smoker pregnant mothers …
A) didn`t include an affect of the cigarettes to the babies. B) the one which wasn`t carried out before.
C) wasn`t an initial study related to these theme. D) should have been covered all pregnant mothers.


The Yangtze river dolphin has been declared “functionally extinct”. This means that although there may be some of them left, there aren`t enough to repopulate the species. The reason behind this tragedy is a combination of water pollution and hydro-electric dam projects. Hydro-electric dams are harmful because they isolate groups of dolphins, creating smaller populations. This means that numbers are lower, and breeding is less likely. Now there are fears for the future of another breed of dolphin, the Amazonian pink river dolphin. The Brazilian government are planning a hydro-electric plant in the middle of their habitat. Hunting also threatens the animals. They`re still widespread compared to other species, but there is a sharp decline in numbers – roughly 10% per year. “The number is worrying”, said Vera da Silva, a biologist at the National Institute of Amazonian Research.