«fizik-kimyo»

Tajribada olingan natijalarini qayd qilish jadvali:

τ, minutda	V, (Na2S2O3)
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Tajribada olingan natijalarni hisoblash yo‘llari: muvozanat konstantasi tajribada o‘tkazilgan jarayon uchun quyidagicha bo‘ladi.

Bundan muvozanat vaqtidagi J₂ (erkin holdagi yodni) konsentratsiyasi

dan topiladi.
- giposulfit eritmasining molyarligi.
V₁– muvozanat qaror topgan vaqtdagi yodni titrlash uchun sarf bo‘lgan giposulfitning xajmi, ml;
V₂ – aniqlash uchun olingan reaktsion aralashmaning hajmi, ml;
Jarayon tenglamasidan Fe²⁺ yod konsentratsiyasi orqali topiladi, chunki 1 mol yodga 2mol ion Fe²⁺ to‘g‘ri keladi:
Uch valentli temir ioni konsentratsiyasi esa jarayon tenglamasiga ko‘ra quyidagicha aniqlanadi:

reaksiya boshlanishidagi FeCl₃ ning dastlabki konsentratsiyasi va uni boshlang‘ich qiymatlardan quyidagicha topiladi:

bunda «a» va «b» - FeCl₃ va KJ eritmalaridan jarayon uchun olingan miqdor (ml).
esa FeCl₃ eritmasining boshlang‘ich konsentratsiyasi (mol/l). Eritmadagi C_J^- – ionining konsentratsiyasi esa quyidagicha topiladi.

bunda, esa KJ eritmasining boshlang‘ich konsentratsiyasi, mol/l. Hisoblab topilgan qiymatlar yuqoridagi muvozanat konstantasi formulasini hisoblash tenglamasigaqo‘yib K_Cqiymati topiladi va olingan natijalarni nazariy yo‘l bilan hisoblangan qiymatlar bilan solishtiriladi.

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Nazorat Savollari
1. Kimyoviy muvozanatning qanday belgilari mavjud?

2. Kimyoviy muvozanatning qanday qonunlari bor?

3. “Tezlik konstantasi” tushunchasi nimani anglatadi?
4. Muvozanat konstantasining ma’nosi nima?
5. Turli muvozanat konstantalari orasida qanday bog’liqlik bor?
6. Kimyoviy muvozanat termodinamik jihatdan qanday asoslanadi?
7. Kimyoviy reaksiyaning izobarik tenglamalari qanday?
8. Kimyoviy reaksiyaning izoxorik tenglamalarini yozing.
9. Entropiyaning absolyut qiymatlarini aniqlash mumkinmi?
10. Muvozanat konstantalari qanday hisoblanadi?
11. Tyomkin va Shvarsman usulini tushuntiring.
12. Plank postulatidan muvozanat konstantasini hisoblash mumkinmi?
13. Nernstning issiqlik teoremasidan muvozanat konstantasi qanday hisoblanadi?
14. Termodinamik funksiyalarning standart qiymatlaridan foydalanib, muvozanat konstantasini hisoblash mumkinmi?