Foreign relations of the united states 1969–1976 volume XXXVII energy crisis, 1974–1980 department of state washington
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- 297. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassies in Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman
- Muskie 339-370/428-S/80010 Index References are to document numbers
- References are to document numbers
Muskie 4 See footnote 2, Document 295. 5 Document 297. 6 In telegram 104 from Kuwait, January 10, the Embassy informed the Department that a Kuwaiti Ministry of Oil source had confirmed a Reuters report that Kuwait had “imposed a $4 per barrel increase in its official selling price to $35.50 per barrel retroac- tive to January 1.” With premiums, the weighted average contract sales price “would probably be a bit over $39/barrel.” The Ambassador had requested an appointment with Oil Minister and Kuwait Petroleum Company Chairman Ali Khalifa to inform him that the $4 per barrel increase was “distinctly unhelpful.” The telegram concluded: “If De- partment has any particular points that should be made at that meeting, these should be cabled as soon as possible.” (National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy Files, D810014–0304)
365-608/428-S/80010 January 1979–January 1981 937 297. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassies in Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman 1 Washington, January 14, 1981, 0024Z. 9189. Subject: Crude Price Increases. Ref: Kuwait 104. 2 1. Confidential—entire text. 2. For Ambassador Dickman: This message responds to reftel re- quest for additional points to make in your forthcoming de´marche to Ali Khalifa. Septel and other traffic 3 copied to you give background for you to respond to Ali Khalifa on issue of the North Sea prices should it arise in your discussion. 3. You may also draw on the following points, as appropriate: —The reported increase of $4 per barrel for Kuwaiti crude is exces- sive. With this increase Kuwait appears to have become a price leader for medium crudes. Driving prices higher does not help to limit disrup- tive effects of the Iraq–Iran war on oil markets and on the economies of developed and developing nations. This increase in prices of course will contribute to inflation in major consuming countries and payments problems of LDCs, both of which we believe are matters of proper con- cern to Kuwait and other oil producers with stake in welfare of interna- tional economy. —The damage caused by this increase will be made worse if Ku- wait continues its past practice of applying large price premia to a por- tion of its sales, and we urge that this practice be eliminated. If current premia are maintained, a substantial volume of Kuwaiti crude will be priced up to $2 above higher quality and better located African and North Sea crudes and above spot market levels. —Kuwait’s prices are also far out of line with spot product prices. It is estimated that the net back value of Kuwaiti crude is now $34.50 to $35.00 on the Rotterdam spot market. The net back value of this crude has in fact fallen over the past few months. Kuwaiti crude may prove to be even more overpriced when full production of similar heavy Persian Gulf crude is resumed. —We believe oil prices are now well above the levels necessary to stimulate the development of alternative sources of energy. The main 1 Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy Files, D810019–0043. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Patterson; cleared by Knickmeyer, Twinam, and Hecklinger and in NEA/ARP and E; and approved by Morse. Repeated Immediate to Baghdad, Caracas, Dhahran, Jidda, Jakarta, Lagos, London, Manama, Tokyo, Cairo, and USOECD Paris. 2 See footnote 6, Document 296. 3 See Documents 295 and 296. 365-608/428-S/80010 938 Foreign Relations, 1969–1976, Volume XXXVII problem now is capital and lead times. The major industrial economies are capital short and time is needed to redirect capital and human re- sources into alternative energy industries and to construct new facilities. In addition, you should as appropriate point out contradictions be- tween reported price increase and Ali Khalifa’s statements to you be- fore and after Bali meeting. 4. For Doha and Abu Dhabi: We believe it important that Em- bassies convey to host governments our concern about increased offi- cial prices in Gulf, drawing as you feel appropriate on points above in making this presentation. Abu Dhabi will of course note that Abu Dhabi’s price increase is more restrained than those of Kuwait, Qatar and perhaps Iraq—but that even this lesser increase is harmful to world economy.
5. For Muscat: While we realize Oman considers itself a price fol- lower, we are concerned that its prices are well above Gulf market. Re- quest you clarify with Government of Oman rationale for present price and express our concern about psychological impact of high Omani price on other Persian Gulf producers.
339-370/428-S/80010 Index
References are to document numbers Aaron, David: Alternative energy sources—Continued Cooperation proposals—Continued G-7 Venice Economic Summit, 271 Orinoco Tar Belt development, 128, Iranian oil shortfall, 181, 183 146, 147
Oil supply vulnerability assessment, Rambouillet G-6 conference 145, 152 discussions, 88 OPEC oil price policies, 132, 161, 173 State Department papers, 60 Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 171 U.S.-British discussions, 38 Abu Dhabi (see also U.S.-producer U.S.-Venezuelan discussions, 278 country correspondence), 3, 31 Vance memorandum, 256 Afghanistan, Soviet invasion of, 257, Enders memoranda, 15, 27 276 G-7 London Economic Summit, 123 Agency for International Development G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 203, (AID), 1 211, 221, 235 Akhdar, Farouk, 263 G-7 Venice Economic Summit Akins, James E.: discussions, 266 Force against producer countries, 30, International Energy Finance 52, 57 Corporation proposals, 205, 206, OPEC oil price policies, 3, 5, 79, 81 211
Prepcon I, 55 International Energy Technology Prepcon II, 64, 73 Group proposals, 211, 234, 235 Producer-consumer conference Kissinger-Congressional leadership discussions, 65 proposals, 3, 41, 51, 61 Kissinger-Exxon discussions, 75 Alegria Escamilla, Rosa Luz, 190, 236, Less developed countries 237
development, 200, 233, 265, 266 Algeria:
Mexican natural gas, 167, 170, 174, Less developed countries and, 47, 49, 177, 186, 190, 195, 236, 256 65 National Energy Plan, 121, 122 OPEC oil price policies, 138, 292 Rambouillet G-6 conference Prepcon I, 53 discussions, 88 Producer-consumer conference State Department papers, 259 proposals, 41, 45 Amaya, Naohiro, 197, 201, 203 U.S. economic aid, 47 Amouzegar, Jamshid, 79, 98 Alireza, Ali Abdallah, 111, 151 Anderson, Glenn, 154 Alireza, Sheikh Abdallah, 151 Anderson, John, 275 Alm, Alvin, 171, 187 Andreotti, Giulio, 157, 221 Alternate U.S. oil import sources, 40, 99, Andronikoff, Constantin, 9 101 Ansary, Hushang, 96, 166 Alternative energy sources: Anti-trust restrictions, 219 Carter speeches, 122, 196 Apel, Hans, 9, 17 CIA memoranda, 158, 231 Arabian American Oil Company. See Cooperation proposals: ARAMCO.
Bosworth memorandum, 122 Arab-Israeli conflict, 34, 65, 212, 229 Brzezinski memoranda, 121, 128 Arab League, Baghdad summit (Nov. Camp David meeting, 9
), 180
CIEC discussions, 107 ARAMCO (see also Oil companies): Enders paper, 15 Emergency allocation systems and, IEA discussions, 129 287
939 339-370/428-S/80010 940 Index ARAMCO—Continued Blumenthal, W. Michael—Continued Iranian oil shortfall and, 166 International Energy Finance Justice Department investigation and, Corporation proposals, 205 249, 263 Oil supply vulnerability assessment, Nationalization, 95, 224, 265 127, 144
OPEC oil price policies and, 160 OPEC oil price policies: Production ceilings, 180, 182, 185, 200 Less developed countries and, 213 Tax credit issue, 249, 263, 292 Middle East trip discussions, 130, U.S. terrorism security assistance 131, 133, 134, 168, 172, 179 offers and, 145, 152 NSC discussions, 161 Armacost, Michael A., 265, 269, 270 State-Treasury-NSC meeting Asao, Shinichiro, 265, 270 discussions, 132 Ashley, Thomas, 154 U.S. 1978 policy review, 150 Askew, Reubin, 270 U.S.-Saudi discussions, 137 Atherton, Alfred L.: U.S.-Venezuelan discussions, 163 Arab-Israeli conflict, 34 U.S.-Mexican energy relations, 186 OPEC oil price policies, 79, 108, 109, U.S. strategy overviews, 209 116, 137, 139, 151 Boeker, Paul H., 17, 18, 37, 87, 109 Prepcon I, 54 Bonn Economic Summit. See G-7 Bonn Producer-consumer conference Economic Summit. proposals, 27, 37 Borre´, Peter, 282 U.S.-Iranian bilateral oil agreement, Bosworth, Stephen W.: 96 Common tariff proposals, 39 Australia, 6 Conference on International Austria, 6 Economic Cooperation, 120, 125 Azerada da Silveira, Francisco, 64 Consumer country coordination, 23 G-7 London Economic Summit, 122 Baker, Howard H., Jr., 65, 154 IEA reduced dependency objectives Balabanis, Gordon P., 46 proposal, 105 Ball, George, 23 International Energy Program, 6 Bani-Sadr, Abolhassan, 245 Iranian oil shortfall, 187, 188, 192 Bank for International Settlements, 10 NSSM 237, 104 Barbian, Paul, 95 NSSM 237 study, 118 Bartholomew, Reginald, 265 OPEC oil price policies: Beaudry, Robert M., 199 Abu Dhabi decision (Dec. 1978), Bellmon, Henry, 65, 154 178 Bennett, Jack F., 1, 9, 39, 46 Caracas decision, 142 Benson, Lucy Wilson, 151 Kissinger staff meeting discussions, Bentsen, Lloyd, 154 109 Bergold, Harry E., Jr., 165, 192, 200, 201, State Department papers, 160 216, 228
State-Treasury discussions, 1 Bergsten, C. Fred, 132, 168, 171, 186, 187 State-Treasury-NSC meeting Bilateral commissions, 1, 2, 36, 47, 202 discussions, 132 Bilateral oil agreements: U.S.-producer country Iran, 67, 77, 92, 95, 96 correspondence, 136 NSSM 237 study, 99 U.S.-Saudi discussions, 124 Soviet Union, 86 Vance memorandum, 165 Venezuela, 146, 155 Prepcon II, 70, 83 Biller, Joel, 1 Boumediene, Houari, 22, 47, 64 Blake, James J., 98 Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 138 Blumenthal, W. Michael: Bowie, Robert, 133, 152, 168, 171 G-7 Bonn Economic Summit, 149, Braden, Joan, 109 153, 154, 156 G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 221 Brandt, Willy, 278 References are to document numbers 339-370/428-S/80010 Index 941 Brazil (see also U.S.-producer country Brzezinski, Zbigniew K.—Continued correspondence), 285 North American Energy Community Bremer, Paul, 56 proposals, 222 Brewster, Kingman, Jr., 247 Oil supply vulnerability assessment, Briggs, Everett, 236, 237 127, 145, 152 Brock, Bill, 65 OPEC oil price policies, 135, 238 Broomfield, William S., 65 Blumenthal Middle East trip Brown, Clarence J., 65 discussions, 133, 134 Brown, Gen. George S., 32, 144 Eizenstat memorandum, 207 Brown, Harold: Less developed countries and, 213, Duncan Saudi Arabia visit (Mar. 241
1980 ), 263
NSC discussions, 161 G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 218 NSC staff memoranda, 131, 159, G-7 Venice Economic Summit, 271 173, 204, 224 Iranian oil shortfall, 270 Poats memorandum, 176 Iran-Iraq War, 288 State Department papers, 160 Oil supply vulnerability assessment, State-Treasury-NSC meeting 127, 144
discussions, 132 OPEC oil price policies, 150, 275 U.S. 1978 policy review, 148, 150, U.S.-Mexican energy relations, 184 162 U.S. military presence in the Gulf, U.S. International Communications 230
Agency programming, 243 U.S. strategy overviews, 253 U.S.-Iranian discussions, 139 Brunet, Jean-Pierre, 9, 10, 12, 16 U.S.-producer country Brunner, Guido, 180, 199 correspondence, 138, 140, 291 Brzezinski, Zbigniew K.: U.S.-Saudi discussions, 143, 275 Alternative energy sources, 121, 128 Orinoco Tar Belt development, 146, Consumer country coordination, 217 147, 155 Contingency planning, 204 Producer-consumer conference Documents not declassified, 239, 240 proposals, Hormats Duncan Saudi Arabia visit (Mar. memorandum, 199
), 263
Saudi production levels, 185, 188, G-7 Bonn Economic Summit, 153, 225, 238, 275 154, 156
Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 156, 275 G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 203, U.S. domestic energy policies, 198 218
U.S.-Mexican energy relations, 167, Interagency Energy Working Group, 170, 174, 184, 186, 190, 195, 222 187
U.S. military presence in the Gulf, International Energy Finance 230 Corporation proposals, 206 U.S. strategy overviews, 121, 209, 210, Iranian oil shortfall, 166, 193 231 Interagency Energy Working U.S.-Venezuelan long-term supply Group, 191 agreement, 155 NSC staff memoranda, 183, 185, Bullen, Pierce K., 118, 219, 242, 286, 290, 194
295 Policy Review Committee Bundy, McGeorge, 26 discussions, 187 Bundy group, 26 U.S.-Japanese discussions, 270 Burns, Arthur F., 1, 9, 28 U.S.-Saudi discussions, 188 Burrows, R.A., 120 Iran-Iraq War, 284, 288, 291 Bushell, John A., 215, 272 Mexican World Energy Plan Bush, George H. W., 93 proposal, 236, 237 National Energy Plan, 121 Byrd, Robert, 154, 179 References are to document numbers 339-370/428-S/80010 942 Index Calderon Berti, Humberto, 252, 278, Carter, Jimmy—Continued 285, 292 Iran-Iraq War, 282, 287, 289, 291 Calingaert, Michael, 234, 242, 257, 261 Khalid correspondence, 142, 226 Callaghan, James: Mexican World Energy Plan Consumer country coordination, 38 proposal, 236, 237 G-7 Bonn Economic Summit, 149, Middle East trip, 135 156, 157 Miller Middle East trip (Nov. 1979), Iranian oil shortfall, 183 249
Prepcon I, 38, 45 National Energy Act, 164 Producer-consumer conference Nuclear energy, 122, 157 proposals, 14 Oil import ceilings, 226, 246, 248, 250, U.S. domestic energy policies, 38 251, 273
Camp David meeting, 1, 7, 9, 10 Oil supply vulnerability assessment, Canada: 127
Floor price proposals, 43 OPEC oil price policies: G-7 Bonn Economic Summit, 157 Blumenthal Middle East trip G-7 London Economic Summit, 122 discussions, 168 G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 221 Brzezinski memorandum, 135 North American Energy Community Less developed countries and, 213 proposals, 222 U.S. 1978 policy review, 148 Oil imports from, 40, 174 U.S.-Iranian discussions, 139 Capron, Jean-Pierre, 218 U.S.-producer country Caribbean, 278 correspondence, 138, 140, 141, Carrington, Lord (Peter Carington), 221 142, 176, 220, 274, 291 Carter, Jimmy: U.S.-Saudi discussions, 111, 143, Alternative energy sources, 122, 128, 275, 283
196, 211 Orinoco Tar Belt development, 128, Anti-inflation program, 165 146, 155
Consumer country coordination, 217 Pe´rez meetings, 128, 130, 146 Duncan Saudi Arabia visit (Mar. Saudi production levels, 223, 225, 1980 ), 263
238, 275, 281 Duncan Venezuela visit, 285 Shah meetings, 139 Energy Coordinating Committee, 162 Speeches: Fahd correspondence, 185, 238, 274, April 5, 1979, 196, 198 277, 281, 291 April 18, 1977, 121 Fahd visit, 124 Aug. 28, 1980, 281 G-7 Bonn Economic Summit, 149, July 15, 1979, 226 153, 154, 156, 157 Mar. 14, 1980, 264 G-7 London Economic Summit, 123 Nov. 8, 1977, 137 G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 218, State of the Union speech (Jan. 21, 221, 235
1980 ), 257
G-7 Venice Economic Summit, 275, Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 258, 275 276 Suharto correspondence, 141 Giscard correspondence, 119, 198 U.S. domestic energy policies, 175, IEA Ministerial meeting (Dec. 1980), 196, 198, 226, 281 292 U.S.-Mexican energy relations, 167, IEA Ministerial meeting (May 1980), 170, 174, 177, 190, 195, 236, 237 273 U.S. military aid to Saudi Arabia, 152 International Energy Finance U.S. military presence in the Gulf, Corporation proposals, 205, 206, 230
211 U.S. strategy overviews, 121, 209, 231 Iranian hostage crisis, 242, 249, 267 U.S.-Venezuelan long-term supply Iranian oil shortfall, 166, 181, 183, agreement, 146, 155 185, 187, 192, 193 Cary, Anne O., 78 References are to document numbers 339-370/428-S/80010 Index 943 Cash, Frank E., 17 Conference on International Economic Casillas Hernandez, Robert, 236, 237 Cooperation (CIEC) (Dec. Castaneda, Jorge, 236, 237
)—Continued Central America, 278 Alternative energy source Central Intelligence Agency (CIA): cooperation proposals and, 107 Force against producer countries, 57 Christopher memorandum, 120 OPEC oil price policies, 133 International Energy Agency and, 100 U.S. strategy overviews, 158, 169, 231 Kissinger staff meeting discussions, Chambers, Anne C., 189 109
Chase, Ernest, 172 NSSM 237 study, 99 Chenery, Hollis, 26 OPEC oil price policies and, 98 Chinese People’s Republic (CPR), 4 Rambouillet G-6 conference Chiriboga, Perez, 278 discussions, 88 Christopher, Warren M.: Stoessel memorandum, 86 Conference on International Vance memorandum, 125 Economic Cooperation, 120 Conference on New and Renewable International Energy Agency, 219 Energy, 199 Iranian oil shortfall, 168, 192, 268, Congress, U.S.: 269, 270 Floor price proposals, 43, 56, 65 Iran-Iraq War, 291 G-7 Bonn Economic Summit, 154 OPEC oil price policies, 137, 163, 168, International Energy Program, 6 172 North American Energy Community Producer-consumer conference proposals, 222 proposals, 199 U.S. strategy overviews, 65 Saudi production levels, 200, 223 Connor, James E., 92 Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 280 Consalvi, Simon Bottaro, 146 U.S.-Mexican energy relations, 186 Conservation (see also Demand restraint; Church, Frank, 72, 249 U.S. domestic energy policies): Civiletti, Ben, 263 Bosworth memorandum, 122 Clark, Joe, 221 Camp David meeting discussions, 9, Clarke, Bruce, 187 10 Claytor, W. Graham, Jr., 253 Carter speech (April 1977), 122 Clements, William P., Jr., 32, 34 Christopher memorandum, 192 Cochrane, James, 191, 194, 204, 262 Enders memoranda, 15, 27 Colby, William E., 6, 25, 29, 32 Energy Policy and Conservation Act, Commodities inclusion in CIEC: 89, 91, 100, 166 Kissinger-Congressional leadership Ford-Kissinger discussions, 2 discussions, 65 IEA Long-Term Energy Cooperation Kissinger memoranda, 54, 78 Program, 94 Kissinger speech (Kansas City) (May Interagency Energy Working Group
, 1975), 62, 64 discussions, 191 Kissinger staff meeting discussions, Kissinger memorandum, 18 37, 53, 56, 59 National Energy Plan, 137 OPEC responses, 48 Policy Review Committee Rambouillet G-6 conference discussions, 187 discussions, 88 Rambouillet G-6 conference State Department papers, 60 discussions, 88 U.S.-French discussions, 24, 70 U.S.-Japanese discussions, 270 U.S.-Saudi correspondence, 64 U.S.-Saudi discussions, 188, 263 U.S.-Saudi discussions, 41, 51, 55 Vance memorandum, 256 Common tariff proposals, 23, 39, 46 Consumer country coordination (see also Conable, Barber B., Jr., 65 International Energy Agency): Conference on International Economic Camp David meeting, 1, 7, 9, 10 Cooperation (CIEC) (Dec. 1975), 90 Enders paper, 15
339-370/428-S/80010 944 Index Consumer country Cooper, Richard N.—Continued Okita U.S. visit, 265 coordination—Continued OPEC oil price policies: Ford-Giscard Martinique meeting, 24, Abu Dhabi decision (Dec. 1978), 26 178 Ford-Kissinger discussions, 2 Blumenthal Middle East trip Ford speeches, 8, 10 discussions, 131, 133, 168, 172 French-Japanese discussions, 19 Jan. 1980 price increases, 257 International Energy Program, 1, 2, 6, NSC discussions, 161 9, 10 State-Treasury-NSC meeting Kissinger memorandum, 18 discussions, 132 Kissinger speeches, 17 U.S.-producer country Kissinger staff meeting discussions, correspondence, 136, 220 11 U.S.-Saudi discussions, 124, 151, Presidential emissary proposals, 217 215
Rambouillet G-6 conference U.S.-Venezuelan discussions, 163, discussions, 88 278
State Department papers, 60 Vance memorandum, 165 State-Treasury meeting discussions, Producer-consumer commodity 23, 39 agreement proposals, 233, 278 U.S.-British discussions, 14, 38 Producer-consumer conference U.S.-German Federal Republic proposals, 199, 229 correspondence, 17, 28, 44 Saudi production levels, 182, 185, U.S.-Japanese discussions/ 188, 200, 215, 223, 277, 281 correspondence, 18, 19, 44 U.S. domestic energy policies, 175, Van Lennep plan, 10 196
Washington Energy Conference, 2 U.S. strategy overviews, 117, 234 Council on International Economic Contingency planning (see also Policy, 63 Emergency allocation systems): Council on International Economic Camp David meeting discussions, 9 Policy Study Memoranda, No. 38, Council on International Economic ‘‘U.S. International Energy Policy,’’ Policy memorandum, 63 93, 99, 101, 102, 104, 118 NSC staff memoranda, 97, 204 Covey, Jock, 108 NSSM 237 study, 99, 101 Crawford, William R., 151, 152, 182, 215 Rambouillet G-6 conference Creekmore, Marion V., 80, 113, 115, 118, discussions, 88 120 Treat/Poats memorandum, 293 Crosbie, John, 221 Cooper, Charles A., 9, 23, 39, 46 Crowley, John J., 163 Cooper, Richard N., 52 Crude oil equalization tax (COET), 149, Alternative energy sources, 233 150, 151, 153, 156 G-7 Tokyo Economic Summit, 197, Curtis, Carl T., 65 201, 203, 218, 235 Cutler, Eliot, 152, 171, 203, 218 G-7 Venice Economic Summit, 271, Cutter, W. Bowman, 145, 187 276
International Energy Agency, 129, Davignon, Etienne, 20, 38, 43, 70, 78, 83, 192 105
Iranian oil shortfall, 168, 182, 185, Davis, Jeanne W., 32 187, 192 Davis, Lynn, 152 North Sea oil production, 296 Davis, Nathaniel, 125 NSSM 237 study, 118 Deagle, Ed, 290 Oil import ceilings, 228, 248 Deal, Timothy, 131, 132, 159 Oil supply vulnerability assessment, Defense, U.S. Department of, 253, 260 145, 152 De Guiringaud, Louis, 53, 54, 85 Download 8.4 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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