Foster to adopt: pipeline to failure and the need for concurrent planning reform


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FOSTER TO ADOPT PIPELINE TO FAILURE AND THE NEED FOR CONCURRENT PLANNING REFORM

Parenting,
J.
C
HILD
.
F
AM
.
S
TUD
. 3771 (2016). 
138. Id. at 1. 
139. Id. 
140. Id. at 10. See also Gossett, supra note 6, at 801 (noting “[i]n late 2017, President 
Trump declared the ‘opioid crisis’ a public health emergency.”). 
141. Reunification rates have either decreased or remained the same from 2007-2018 and 
reached an all-time low of 49% in 2018. Children exiting foster care by exit reason in the 
United States, K
ID 
C
OUNT 
D
ATA
Ctr., T
HE 
A
NNIE 
E.
C
ASEY 
F
OUND
., https://datacen-
ter.kidscount.org/data/tables/6277-children-exiting-foster-care-by-exit-rea-
son?loc=1&loct=1#de-
tailed/1/any/false/870,573,869,36,868,867,133,38,35,18/2631,2636,2632,2633,2630,2629,2
635,2634/13050,13051 (last visited Jan. 28, 2019). 
142. Adoption Stats for Kids in Foster Care, K
ID 
C
OUNT 
D
ATA 
C
TR
.,
T
HE 
A
NNIE 
E.
C
ASEY 
F
OUND
. (Sept. 17, 2018), https://datacenter.kidscount.org/updates/show/212-adop-
tion-stats-for-kids-in-foster-care; John Kelly et al., supra note 121. 
143. Adoption Stats for Kids in Foster Care, K
ID 
C
OUNT 
D
ATA 
C
TR
.,
T
HE 
A
NNIE 
E.
C
ASEY 
F
OUND
. (Sept. 17, 2018), https://datacenter.kidscount.org/updates/show/212-adop-
tion-stats-for-kids-in-foster-care; Wade, supra note 31, at 873-74. 
144. Jeremy Loudenback, Washington Foster Youth Sent to Hotels More Than 1,000 
Times 
Last 
Year
C
HRON
.
S
OC
.
C
HANGE
(Jan. 
3, 
2019), 


2020] 
F
OSTER TO 
A
DOPT
169 
Low to no cost adoption is an effective short-term recruitment tool 
but lacks long-term benefits. Federal and state funding sources not only 
pay for adoption transactional costs, but they also pay a monthly stipend 
until the age of maturity.
145
On the other hand, private adoptions cost 
around $15,000 to $45,000 domestically, and even more internation-
ally.
146
However, when a foster family’s goal is adoption, retention is 
difficult because they either reach their goal and adopt or drop out from 
the emotional toll of losing a child to reunification.
147
With adoption as 
a possibility, many foster parents say there is the temptation to prema-
turely fantasize about adopting.
148
A foster parent describes her feelings 
after her foster child left to reunify, “[o]ne friend called us ‘saints’ and 
another, ‘heroes.’ I bristled at these. We’d become foster parents because 
we wanted a family, not necessarily because we were unselfish or 
brave.”
149
Even when adoption is not the intention, if a foster family 
does end up adopting, some close their homes due to lack of space or 
they want to focus on their newly adopted children.
150
Studies have found that foster families that demonstrate empathy 
(towards the children, first family, and social workers) are more resilient 
and continue fostering.
151
The foster care process easily conjures up 
negative impressions and feelings that do not promote empathy.
152
Sep-
arating child maltreatment from a parent’s worth and dignity is difficult 
https://chronicleofsocialchange.org/stateline/washington-foster-youth-sent-to-hotels-more-
than-1000-times-last-year/33302. 

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