French as a Second Language Teaching: Identifying Methods that Improve Adult Learners’ Competencies
Content and Language Integrated Learning
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French as a Second Language Teaching Identifying Methods that Im
13 Content and Language Integrated Learning CLIL refers to the strategy whereby part of the curriculum is taught in the L2 language (Sato & Loewen, 2019). In this case, French is taught as an independent subject by language specialists by building on the learners' skills developed by learning the first language. Therefore, CLIL is based on the premise that L2 is best learned in naturalistic settings. Adult FSL learners use French in authentic situations, thus motivating them to use the language in solving practical problems. Studies investigating the effectiveness of CLIL show that it can contribute to long term proficiency. For instance, a study by Dalton-Puffer (2011) reviewing CLIL-based outcomes, showed that this teaching method was associated with higher scores on tests than non-CLIL programs. Moreover, Gene-Gil et al. (2015) asserts that CLIL was associated with both productive and receptive gains in vocabulary among L2 learners. Notably, the CLIL method is associated with several gains among FSL adult learners, including better oral production, accuracy, mastery of vocabulary, and flexibility in their L2 use (De Graaff et al., 2007). Lastly, CLIL enables students to express themselves competently even in the face of limited linguistic resources. Trends in FSL Teaching FSL pedagogy has undergone immense changes and improvements in recent decades to enhance learners' SLA. Notably, L2 teachers have arrived at a consensus of using different strategies to teach FSL to adult learners. The most popular post-method L2 teaching strategies include the ecological approach and principled pragmaticism (Ellis, 2010). The ecological approach acknowledges the complex nature of language use in the real world by promoting 14 learning activities that develop learners' critical awareness about the significance of FSL in their lives, thereby encouraging them to control their learning process (Ellis, 2010). This method is based on SLA's dynamical systems theory, which considers language a human relational activity. The ecological approach therefore fosters creative learning activities and educational experiences that catalyze learners' agency learning FSL. The principled pragmatism approach, meanwhile, is based on applying concrete teaching strategies to the unique circumstances of the local context (Ellis, 2010). Notably, this method enables teachers to develop their theories of practice and apply and evaluate various instructional practices to improve lexical acquisition, proficiency, and competency among L2 learners (Sato & Loewen, 2019). In this regard, FSL teachers can develop self-assessment tools that will enable adult learners to evaluate their SLA performance, address issues and gaps, and suggest solutions for improving their understanding of French. Since adult learners are interested in personal progress rather than competing with their classmates, self-assessment provides learners with insights into activities that can enhance their learning progress (Hummel & French, 2010). Thus, this strategy enables FSL teachers to motivate adult learners to develop customized approaches to hastening their competence, lexical acquisition, and French proficiency. This section provides a systematic review of recent studies and publications related to innovative approaches through which FSL can be instructed in a participatory manner. A systematic review approach was used to identify the relevant source to articulate this section. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to ensure that sources included for review were relevant and accurate regarding the purpose and objective of this study. Similarly, all information sources used to appraise the consistency of data and ensure that the publications used are in 15 tandem with the study objectives. The search strategy involved using sentences such as “innovative approaches that can make FSL instructions appealing and attractive to students.” Download 0.77 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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