Fundamental tibbiyot kursi

Female Reproductive System
1. The indifferent embryo begins phenotypic sexual differentiation during
(A) week 3 of development
(B) week 5 of development
(C) week 7 of development
(D) week 12 of development
(E) week 20 of development
2. The indifferent embryo completes phenotypic sexual differentiation during
(A) week 3 of development
(B) week 5 of development
(C) week 7 of development
(D) week 12 of development
(E) week 20 of development
3. After the sinovaginal bulbs have proliferated and fused, they form a solid core of endodermal cells called the
(A) vestibule of the vagina
(B) uterovaginal primordium
(C) urogenital sinus
(D) vaginal plate
(E) clitoris
4. A structure found within the adult female pelvis formed from the gubernaculum is the
(A) broad ligament
(B) suspensory ligament of the ovary
(C) round ligament of the uterus
(D) medial umbilical ligament
(E) median umbilical ligament
5. The labia minora arise embryologically from which of the following structures?
(A) Phallus
(B) Labioscrotal swellings
(C) Sinovaginal bulbs
(D) Urogenital folds
(E) Paramesonephric duct
6. The uterine tubes of the adult female are derived embryologically from which of the following?
(A) Mesonephric duct
(B) Mesonephric tubules
(C) Paramesonephric duct
(D) Paramesonephric tubules
(E) Uterovaginal primordium
Male Reproductive System
1. One day a 9-year-old girl surprisingly announces to her mother, "Guess what, mommy, I'm not a girl; I'm a boy." The mother is shocked but does not act on the comment. During the next few years, the mother notices some tomboyish behavior and difficulty in social adjustment at school. When the girl is 12 years old, puberty starts with a striking virilization of the external genitalia. The mother is extremely concerned and seeks medical attention. What is the most likely cause?
(A) Male pseudointersexuality
(B) Female pseudointersexuality
(C) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
(D) Testicular feminization
(E) Illegal use of anabolic steroids
2. The most common cause of female pseudointersexuality is
(A) a 46, X0 genotype
(B) a 47, XXY genotype
(C) lack of androgen receptors
(D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia
(E) inadequate production of testosterone and mullerian-inhibiting factor (MIF)
3. The most common cause of male pseudointersexuality is
(A) a 45, X0 genotype
(B) a 47, XXY genotype
(C) inadequate production of testosterone and MIF
(D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia
(E) lack of androgen receptors
4. The most common cause of testicular feminization
syndrome is
(A) a 45, X0 genotype
(B) a 47, XXY genotype
(C) inadequate production of testosterone and MIF
(D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia
(E) lack of androgen receptors
5. In the male, failure of the urethral folds to fuse completely results in
(A) hypospadias
(B) epispadias
(C) cryptorchidism
(D) congenital inguinal hernia
(E) hydrocele
6. The Y chromosome carries a gene on its short arm that codes for
(A) testosterone
(B) MIF
(C) testes-determining factor (TDF)
(D) progesterone
(E) estrogen
7. Bilateral cryptorchidism usually results in
(A) impotence
(B) sterility
(C) male pseudointersexuality
(D) female pseudointersexuality
(E) testicular feminization syndrome
8. A 17-year-old girl presents with a complaint of amenorrhea. Physical examination reveals good breast development and normal amount of pubic hair. A rudimentary vagina and a mobile mass within both the right and left labia majora are found on pelvic examination. Ultrasound reveals the absence of a uterus. What is the diagnosis?
(A) Testicular feminization syndrome
(B) Gonadal dysgenesis
(C) Cryptorchidism
(D) Female pseudointersexuality
(E) Hypospadias