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IntrWhen it comes to processing signals, filtering is a key aspect that helps in shaping the characteristics of the signal. Low-pass and high-pass filters are two commonly used types of filters that work in opposite ways to filter signals. Low-pass filters, as the name suggests, allow low-frequency signals to pass through while attenuating high-frequency signals. On the other hand, high-pass filters allow high-frequency signals to pass through while attenuating low-frequency signals.
Low pass filter: Low pass filter is the type of frequency domain filter that is used for smoothing the image. It attenuates the high-frequency components and preserves the low-frequency components. 
High pass filter: High pass filter is the type of frequency domain filter that is used for sharpening the image. It attenuates the low-frequency components and preserves the high-frequency components. 
 Applications of Low-Pass and High-Pass Filters:
Low-pass and high-pass filters find applications in a variety of fields including audio processing, image processing, communication systems, and biomedical signal processing. Understanding the characteristics of these filters and their applications is essential for signal-processing engineers and researchers.

similarities between the two filters:

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  Both filters are used to remove unwanted frequency components from a signal.
  
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  Both filters have a cut-off frequency, which is the frequency at which the filter begins to attenuate the signal.
  
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  The steepness of the cut-off slope depends on the order of the filter, with higher-order filters having steeper slopes.
  
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  Both filters can introduce phase shifts, which can affect the time-domain characteristics of the signal.
  
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  Both filters are used in a variety of applications including audio processing, image processing, communication systems, and biomedical signal processing.