Lesson 22
Distinguishing Participial, Gerund, and Infinitive Phrases
Participles, gerunds,
and infinitives are called
verbals
because they are verb forms that
function in other ways in a sentence.
A participle is a verb form that functions as an adjective. Present participles end in -
ing. Past
participles
usually end in -ed. A participial phrase is a participle plus any complements and
modifiers. For examples of participles and participial phrases, see Lesson 19.
A gerund
is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun in the sentence. A
gerund phrase is a gerund plus any complements and modifiers. For examples of gerunds
and gerund phrases, see Lesson 20.
An infinitive is made
from the base form of the verb, which is nearly always preceded by
the word
to. An infinitive phrase is an infinitive plus any complements and modifiers.
For examples of infinitive and infinitive phrases, see Lesson 21.
Exercise 1
Identify the italicized word or phrase. Write P for participle, G for gerund, or I
for infinitive.
G
Swimming is exercise.
1. Driving beyond the state park with several friends, we explored the countryside.
2. Attending the concert was the highlight of our week.
3. Space
science is an ever-expanding field of study.
4. We drove to the mall
to buy our new furniture.
5. Each summer our library gives a prize to the person
reading the most books.
6. Parking in the drive in front of the school is restricted.
7. They have closed the street
to repair the railroad crossing.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
