He 20th Century technology time line

Daily Journal-World, November 19, 1989, Cox News Service
III. COMPREHENSION CHECK
Write answers to the questions.
1. Where was Kennedy when he said that if one person isn’t free, then no one 
is free?
2. What time of year was the rock concert?

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The 20th Century | 35
3. How long was the concert?
4. What did the police try to do?
5. Who remembers this protest?
IV. VOCABULARY BUILDING
A.
Verbs and nouns
These words can be used as verbs or nouns. Choose one word for each pair of 
sentences, using the correct verb form and making nouns plural if necessary.
chase
blast
cluster
chant
arrest
1.
a. 
The police _________________ the demonstrator down the street.
b.
He ran fast, so the _________________ lasted a long time.
2.
a. 
They heard a loud _________________ from the explosion.
b. 
The neighbors complained because he was _________________ his 
music.
3.
a. 
The people _________________ around the wall trying to hear the music.
b. 
There was a large _________________ of people near the gate.
4.
a. 
The crowd sang several different _________________.
b. 
They _________________ very loudly.
5.
a. 
The police made many _________________ at the demonstration.
b. 
The police _________________ the demonstrators.
B.
Phrasal verbs
Read the definitions. Then complete the following sentences with the phrasal 
verbs.
set off 
cause to occur or explode
The disturbances were set off by a rock concert.
let on 
admit
The government didn’t let on that there had been a demonstration.

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36 | Better Reading English
turn out 
result
It turned out that Kennedy didn’t cause the fall of the Berlin Wall.
set up 
put together; construct
The bands set up their amplifiers near the wall.
1. The cameraman ________________________ his equipment.
2. They expected to see the concert, but it ________________________ that 
the gate was closed.
3. The boy didn’t ________________________ that he knew about the concert.
4. The economic problems ________________________ a wave of protests.
V. UNDERSTANDING GRAMMAR: 
after
A.
Read about after
After is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it combines a sentence 
with two clauses.
After years of silence, this was the first protest.
The clause beginning with after tells about the event that happened irst
(the years of silence).
The two clauses can be reversed with no change in meaning.
This was the first protest after years of silence.
Notice that when the “after” clause comes second, there is no comma between 
the clauses.
Note: The expression After that is a transition expression that comes at the 
beginning of a clause. It is used to introduce an event that happened later.
The word that refers to the irst event.
The wall was torn down. After that, Germany was a unified country.
 B.
Use 
after
Combine the two sentences using after.
1. There were food shortages in many cities. Then, people began to protest.
2. The wall was torn down in 1989. After that, people began collecting pieces 
of it.
3. The wall opened up East Berlin. Then many rock groups had concerts to 
celebrate.

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