Historical monuments of Samarkand

Hazrat Hyzr: Muslim sacred place

The Mosque Hazrat Hyzr is located on the south of Afrasiab fort. The area of the Mosque is 30 x 16 m. It stands on a natural elevation where a steep stairs leads. The mosque consists of aivan and khanaka. The mosque’s aivan (an indoor canopy standing on the columns) is richly decorated with ornaments. There is an entrance from aivan to khanaka (a monastery for dervishes).Hanaka is square, with mihrabi niche with the direction to Mecca in the middle and two hudzhry (monks' cells) on the sides. The minaret is located separately. It consists of a trunk with a spiral staircase and a crowning lantern with ribbed dome.

The facade of the mosque consists of a high base with arched niches, quince, over which the west is closed guldastoy (corner semi-tower) with the brick facing. The aivan’s top includes a number of bricks. To the east, the system includes a mosque organically portal darvazahany with guldastami and beautiful carved gates. This series closes eastern minaret. Subtle feeling manifested in the performance of the master carved door. Here division and ornamentation are made with a shallow profile, which in this case well, because the contrast shadow quite clearly reveals the shape of the ornament, while preserving the integrity basis. The building is replete with dates, indicating the time of its restoration - mainly, it XIX-XX centuries.
Shakhi-Zinda

Not far from Bibi Khanum mosque there is one of the most mysterious and unique architectural monuments of Samarkand, Shah-i-Zinda complex. It consists of rows of refine sparkling blue colors tombs. Harmoniously combined in a lively and moving composition, various mausoleums are grouped along the narrow medieval streets. Shahi Zinda consists of eleven mausoleums, which were built one after another in XIV - XV centuries.

A unique ensemble of ancient tombs (1370-1449 years) is located near Afrasiab settlement . It is also called "Street cemetery". Building of mosques and mausoleums of XI-XV centuries oddly stretched on both sides and their blue domes look like an elegant necklace from the top.
Shahi Zinda is the burial place of royal persons and nobles. But the main mausoleum from which the necropolis starts seems to be the imaginary grave of Prophet Muhammad's cousin, Kusama Ibn Abbas. The complex was called "Shah-i-Zinda" that means in Persian "The Living King". He was one of those who preached Islam in that region. Later the Complex became an important pilgrimage centre that was revered by the people as sacred.
In accordance with a legend, Ibn 'Abbas came to preach in Samarkand in 640, spent there 13 years and was beheaded by the Zoroastrians during his prayer.
The grave of Kusama ibn Abbas attracts to Samarkand many adherents of religious or spiritual tourism, because even in the Middle Ages, a pilgrimage to the grave of "The Living King" was equated to Mecca hajj. According to a legend, water source at the grave possess healing power.
All mausoleums complex Shahi Zinda form a single composition. Each of them is a square building with a dome, the entrance to which is highlighted by a portico. It is rich in architectural decoration of buildings, which are used irrigation bricks, majolica tiles, carved mosaic.
The last construction is the main entrance to the crypt Shahi Zinda, which completes the whole ensemble. The inscription on the main entrance reads: "This magnificent building created Abdulazizhanom-son Ulugbek-Guragana, son of Shah Rukh, son of Amir Timur-Guragana in 838 year (1434/35 AD). After rising to 36 steps, you will find yourself on an open gallery. Here the left and right are crypts - the mausoleum of Tamerlane's relatives. The gallery ends with a round courtyard with a vaulted arch.Under it the right ancient carved door, which leads to the main shrine ensemble Shahi Zinda - Mausoleum Kusam ibn Abbas, a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad. The people There is a legend about him as the Shahi-Zinda, the Living King.