Huawei is the most powerful mobile phone, is the core network and base station!

The architecture of mobile phone-base station-switches, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G mobile communication networks is similar. Among them, the base station is the key to directly determine the number and speed of the connection to the phone, there is a macro base station, a micro base station, etc., belongs to the access network layer. The carrier network is mainly fiber optic for transmitting data. The core network is equivalent to the switch and router, which is the brain of the entire mobile communication.
Huawei is the most powerful mobile phone, is the core network and base station!
Today, let's take a look at the mobile communication system in real life.
Before introducing the specific system composition, first, please remember the following important words -
"Most of the communication systems can be seen in a hierarchical point of view, but also to look at the hierarchical angle. If the level of this system is understood, it will understand 70% of this system. - Xiaozun Jun "
In short, look at the network. What is it? Three, from the bottom to top, the access layer, the aggregation layer, and the core layer.

Whether it is a mobile communication network, or an enterprise office network, even if it is a home network, it is basically this logic.
We look at the mobile communication network.
Our mobile phone, if you want to call, you must join the carrier's communication network. This type of network device connects the mobile phone terminal is called an access network (layer) device. Everyone is very familiar with the base station, which belongs to one of the access network equipment.

Base station structure

Many people think that this is a complete base station. In fact, it is not the case. The picture above is actually a number of different base stations (white), and there is a corner steel tower. Strict meanings, the tower is not an integral part of the base station equipment, it is just a communication infrastructure.


A base station should be called a set of base station systems, which consists of multiple independent devices. With the current mainstream 4G LTE network, the base station includes BBU, RRU, RF antenna, these three main parts.

BBU, baseband processing unit, mainly responsible for signal modulation.
RRU, remote RF unit, mainly responsible for RF processing.
The feeder is responsible for connecting the RRU and antenna.
The antenna is mainly responsible for the conversion between the guiding wave and the spatial wave in the air on the cable.
Usually the BBU is installed in the room, the RRU can be installed in the computer room or outdoor. And the antenna, just said, installed on the tower or hug, often see it on the top of the outdoor building.

In addition to the main equipment and antenna, a complete base station computer room also includes power supplies, batteries, air conditioning, security monitoring and other supporting equipment.

What we said above is a macro base station. The macro is a big meaning. Everyone sees the big tower seen in the wild, which is basically the antenna of the Acer Station. Under the tower, it is a macro base station.

In addition to the macro base station, there are many kinds of base stations. According to the size and power of station type, it is mainly divided into a macro base station, a micro base station, a pilk base, a flying base station.

The Hongji Station has just been introduced, and it will not be described again.
Micro base stations, like this, which is often placed in indoor or population-intensive public areas:

The Pike station is smaller than the micro base station, which is like this:

Probably as large as two bricks.
The flying base station is mainly home users, smaller volume, and the router at home is similar:

The micro base station, a pick base station and a flying base station are generally known as "fine station".
Piki station and flying base station, usually collective as "skin fly station"

Different types of base stations, use occasions and their own positioning are also very different.
In the outdoor wide area, the coverage area needs to be large enough, so the maximum power of the power is used.

Sometimes, it will also match the use of a straight station to solve the overlay problem of the signal blind zone weak area.

The direct discharge station is actually a signal repeater, enhancing the RF signal.
In the room, because the barrier of the brick wall, the signal transmission will be greatly affected, so it is not suitable for using a macro base station, and a micro base station, a parchment station, and a flying base station will be used. Their antenna has a small emission power, and the impact on the human body is small, and the coverage of indoor space is better.

In general, in addition to the micro base station, in order to strengthen the signal quality, the indoor distribution system is also used, that is, the "room division" that everyone will often hear.
"Room" is actually a secondary relay and enhanced coverage of the signal. The feeder is passed from the source (such as a micro base station or a straight discharge station), and then the respective rooms or channels are used to use the antenna to signal.

The room score system is very similar to the WiFi that everyone often uses.