In accordance with a decision of the ninth congress of the r
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258 TO R. E. KLASSON 387
November 2, 1920 Comrade Klasson, I fear that you—excuse my frankness—will not be up to making use of the decision of the Council of People’s Commissars on Hydropeat. 388
I fear this because you, evidently, have spent too much time on “senseless dreams” about the restoration of capitalism, and have not been sufficiently attentive to the extremely specific features of the transitional period from capitalism to socialism. But I say this not in order to reproach you, and not only because I remembered the theoretical arguments I had with you in 1894-95, but with a narrowly practical object. In order to make proper use of the decision of the C.P.C. you must 1) complain with ruthless strictness and in good time of any breaches of this decision, checking up very closely on its fulfilment and, of course, selecting for complaint only those cases which come under the rule, “few but to the point”; 2) from time to time—again following the same rule— write to me (N.B. mark the envelope: P E R S O N A L , from
please send a reminder or inquiry such-and-such (draft text on a separate sheet) to such- and- such a person or institution, on such- and- such a question, in view of the recognition of the works undertaken by Hydropeat as being of state importance.
463 TO R. E. KLASSON If you don’t let me down, i.e., if your reminders and inquiries are strictly business-like (without departmental squabbles or polemics), I will sign such reminders and inquiries in two minutes, and they will sometimes be of practical value. Wishing you rapid and great success with your invention. Greetings,
First published in 1 9 2 9 Printed from the original in the magazine Izobretatel No. 2 464 259 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY November 6 G. M., This is a very important thing. Our Commission 389 (to which surely you have been invited? by the previous decision?) will meet tomorrow (or November 8 in the morn- ing).
The (attached) draft of the subcommission must be attentively discussed beforehand. GOELRO *
In my opinion this is not right: what is any “plan” worth (or any “planning commission” or “planning pro- gramme”) without a plan of electrification? It is worth nothing.
Strictly speaking, it is GOELRO which should be the single planning organ of the Council of People’s Commissars; but so simply and brutally this will not be accepted, and it would be wrong. We must think over (urgently, before tomorrow) how the question should be put. Perhaps (1) the chairman of GOELRO should be given a consultative vote in the economic department of the Narrow Council of People’s Commissars 390 ?
the C.P.C., since it prepares and carries out, or should carry out, electrification for the Supreme Economic Council, for the People’s Commissariat of Agriculture, for the People’s Commissariat of Railways, etc. * See Note 369.—Ed. 465 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY (3) All planning commissions of all People’s Commissar- iats should he linked and co-ordinated with GOELRO. But how? By setting up yet one more commission attached to GOELRO, composed of the chairmen of all the separate planning commissions? Or how otherwise? Ring me up when you have read this. And return me the minutes (of the subcommission of November 5) today, not later than 10 p.m. Yours,
Lenin Written on November 6 , 1 9 2 0 First published in 1 9 2 4 in the book: Printed from the original G. M. Krzhizhanovsky, Tovaroobmen i
466 260 TO THE STATE PUBLISHING HOUSE Please inform me (1) whether there exists in the State Publishing House a general practice under which, when any book or pamphlet without exception is published, there is recorded in writing: (a) the signature of the member of the Board of the Publishing House who is responsible for editorial supervi- sion of the publication in question; (b) the signature of the actual editor of the text; (c) the signature of the responsible proof-reader or publisher or printer. (2) If not, what objections are there to such a system? What are the present means of supervision? (3) Information under § 1 about the pamphlet: On Concessions. Decree of the Council of People’s Commis- sars, November 23, 1920. Text of the Decree. Units for Concession. Maps. State Publishing House. 1920. 391
State Printing Works (former Sytin), 71 Pyatnitskaya, Moscow, 1920. Written on December 1 1 , 1 9 2 0 First published in 1 9 2 1 Printed from the original in the magazine Zhizn No. 1 !
467 261 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY G. M.,
The following idea has come into my head. There must he propaganda for electricity. How? Not only in words but by example. What does this mean? The most important thing is to make it popular. For this we have, here and now, to work out a plan for lighting up every house in the R.S.F.S.R. by electricity. This is a long-term affair, because neither 20,000,000 (- 40,000,000?) bulbs, nor wire, etc., shall we have for a
But all the same a plan is needed now, if only to cover a number of years. That comes first. And secondly, we must work out right away a shorter plan, and then thirdly—and this is most important—we must be able to arouse both competition and initiative among
Would it not be possible for this purpose immediately to work out such a plan (for example): (1) All volosts (10-15 thousand) to be supplied with electric lighting in one year. (2) All settlements ( 2 - 1 million, probably not more than w million) in two years. (3) Priority for the reading-room and the Soviet (two light bulbs). (4) Get the poles ready at once in such-and-such a way. (5) Prepare the insulators at once yourselves (ceramics V. I. L E N I N 468
works, I believe, are local and small affairs?). Make them in such-and-such a way. (6) Copper for the wires? Collect it yourselves in your uyezd and volosts (a gentle hint at church bells, etc.). (7) Organise training in electricity in such-and-such a way. Could not something of this kind be considered, worked out and decreed? Yours,
Lenin Written in December 1 9 2 0 First published Printed from the original in Ekonomicheskaya Zhizn No. 1 8 , January 2 2 , 1 9 2 5 469 262 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY Comrade Krzhizhanovsky Would it not be possible to develop (not at once, but straightaway after the Congress, 392
for the Council of Labour and Defence) a practical plan for an electrification campaign:
(1) in each uyezd urgently to set up at least one power station; (2) make it obligatory for this centre to become a train- ing, lecture, demonstration, etc., centre, and take the entire population through these courses (beginning with the young people, or by volosts, etc.); (3) immediately assign tasks among the population as to what they can now make a start on (we need 2 2 million poods of copper—so let us at once assign tasks for bring- ing in ?5 million poods, let people voluntarily begin to collect church bells, door handles, etc.; then poles, etc.); (4) begin preparatory navvying work at once, assigning tasks among the uyezds; (5) mobilise all engineers, electricians, all who have done courses at physico-mathematical faculties, etc., without exception. Their obligation will be to deliver not less than two (four?) lectures a week, to teach not less than (10-50?) people about electricity. If they fulfil this-a bonus. If they don’t—gaol. (6) Write urgently a few popular pamphlets (some to * Something like this.—Ed. V. I. L E N I N 470
be translated from German) and adapt the “book” (yours) into a number of more popular articles, for teaching in the schools and reading to the peasants. And then a number of detailed measures on the follow- ing two groups: aa) propaganda and training bb) first steps towards putting this into practice at once, and from all angles. Lenin Written late in December 1 9 2 0 First published in 1 9 4 2 Printed from the original in Lenin Miscellany XXXIV
471 QY R Q 263 TO THE BAKURY VOLOST ORGANISATION OF THE R.C.P.(B.) Bakury Volost Organisation of the R.C.P., Bakury Volost, Serdobsk Uyezd, Saratov Gubernia Copy to the Saratov Gubernia Party Committee and the Gubernia Executive Committee Dear Comrades, The secretary of your organisation, Comrade Turunen, has informed me in writing that, at the request of the peas- ants, you have passed a decision to bring to my knowl- edge through him the counter-revolutionary activities of certain food-supply workers in your volost who are ill-treating poor peasants, robbing them for personal gain, encouraging illicit distilling, getting drunk, raping women, provoking attacks on Soviet power, etc. You ask me to take steps from here in Moscow to put an end to these counter-revolutionary actions. But to fight on the spot, with all your strength against counter-revolu- tion is one of the most important tasks of local Party organ- isations, including yours. Your bounden duty is, by getting into touch with the Uyezd Party Committee, and—if that does not help—with the Gubernia Party Committee, to secure the arrest and prosecution before the Revolutionary Tribunal of counter-revolutionaries and scoundrels like those about whom you are reporting. What have you done in this direction? In the second part of his letter, Comrade Turunen sets out your view that Soviet power, in order to overcome economic break-down, must for some time lean on the
V. I. L E N I N 472
peasantry as it would on a crutch. This is quite true. This has been said in our Party Programme, and in the resolu- tions of Party Congresses. At the last, Eighth All-Russia Congress of Soviets, the question of reviving agriculture was considered in detail and very carefully, and the Con- gress adopted important practical decisions, which you will have to apply on the spot, as directed by the Gubernia authorities. These decisions have been published in the newspapers. In addition, Comrade Turunen will bring you some supple- mentary material which he will have received at the People’s Commissariat of Agriculture, where he was sent on my recommendation. With communist greetings, V. Ulyanov (Lenin) Chairman, Council of People’s Commissars Written on January 2 1 , 1 9 2 1 First published in Izvestia No. 3 1 , Printed from the typewritten February 8 , 1 9 2 7 text signed by V. I. Lenin
473 262 TO N. P. GORBUNOV Comrade Gorbunov, This Bonch-Bruyevich (no relation, only has the same surname as V. D. Bonch-Bruyevich) is by all accounts a very outstanding inventor. The matter is of immense importance (a newspaper without paper and without wires, for with a loudspeaker and with the receiver which Bonch- Bruyevich has developed in such a way that it will be easy for us to produce hundreds of receivers, all Russia will be able to hear a newspaper read in Moscow). I particularly ask you: (1) to follow up this matter specially, calling in Ostrya-
(2) to get the attached draft decree speedily through the Narrow Council. If unanimity cannot be reached quickly, be sure to prepare it for the Full Council of People’s Com- missars for Tuesday, (3) to inform me twice a month on the progress of the work. 393
Lenin January 26 First published in Pravda No. 9 2 , Printed from the original April 2 2 , 1 9 2 6
474 240 TO E. M. SKLYANSKY February 6, 1921 Comrade Sklyansky, I attach one more “warning”. Our military command has failed disgracefully by allow- ing Makhno to get away (in spite of an immense superior- ity of forces and strict orders to catch him), and is now failing still more disgracefully by proving unable to crush a handful of bandits. Order a brief report for me from the Commander-in-Chief (with a brief sketch showing the disposition of bands and troops) about what is being done. How is the wholly reliable cavalry being used? — the armoured trains? (Are they rationally distribut- ed? Are they not moving wastefully, requisitioning grain?)
— armoured cars? — aeroplanes? How, and how many are in use? Both grain and wood fuel, everything is being lost because of the bands, while we have a million-strong army. You must do all you can to brace up the Commander-in-Chief. Lenin First published, but not Printed from the original in full, in 1 9 3 8 in Bolshevik No. 2 Published in full in the Fourth (Russian) Edition of the Collected Works 475 266 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY Secret G. M.,
Look at this and note it. Return it at once secretly. Milyutin is writing nonsense about the plan. 394 The
greatest danger is that the work of planning the state econo- my may be bureaucratised. This danger is a great one. Milyutin does not see it. I am very much afraid that with your different approach to the question you do not see it either. We are beggars. Hungry, ruined beggars. A complete, integrated, real plan for us at present= “a bureaucratic utopia”. Don’t chase it. At once, without delaying a day or an hour, bit by bit single out the most important, the minimum number of enterprises, and put them on their feet. Let’s talk about this personally before your report.
Written on February 1 9 , 1 9 2 1 First published, but not in full, Printed from the original in 1 9 2 4 in the book: G. M. Krzhizhanovsky, Tovaroobmen i planovaya rabota, Moscow Published in full in 1 9 2 8 in Zapiski-Instituta Lenina, Vol. III
476 267 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY February 25 Comrade Krzhizhanovsky, On the question of the General Planning Commission. 395 (1) On its composition in general we shall come to an agreement after your arrival. This will not be difficult. (2) The Central Committee has decided to leave in Larin for the time being. The danger from him is a very great one, because it is in his character to disorganise any work, seize power, overthrow all chairmen, drive specialists away, speak (without a shadow of right to do so) in the name “of the Party”, etc. On you falls the heavy task of subordinating, disciplin- ing, moderating Larin. Remember: directly he “begins” to go beyond limits, rush to me (or send me a letter). Otherwise Larin will upset the whole General Planning Commission. (3) You have to set up within the General Planning Commission a super-firm presidium (it must be without Larin), so that organisers and strong people (capable of giving a complete rebuff to Larin, and steadily going ahead with this difficult work) should help you and relieve you of administrative work (it was pointed out at the Central Committee that you are, strictly speaking, not an adminis- trator). The Presidium, perhaps, could consist of two of your assistants, one secretary, and so forth. You must be the “leading spirit” of the work and the ideological guide (in particular, kick out, get rid of tactless Communists
477 TO G. M. KRZHIZHANOVSKY FROM MARX TO MAO
NOT FOR
COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION who may drive out the specialists).... Your task is to catch, select, put on the job capable organisers, administrators (like Osadchy, etc.)—to provide the Central Committee of
(4) The “GOELRO” as a GOELRO, you must restore as a subcommission of the General Planning Commission. You will be chairman of this subcommission too. (5) You will have to set up quite a number of subcom- missions: we must have a talk about this, when you have a plan for them. (6) What will be exceptionally important is the sub- commission on study,
checking and
“tying up”, co-ordination, making proposals for altering
Larin must without fail be made a member of this sub- commission but (1) not as chairman and not as vice-chair- man and not as secretary; (2) counterbalancing him, say, with Sereda, as a model of balanced mind, non-fantasy, non-harrassment. (7) I suggest that you think over the following plan (I consider it most important): to oblige a few persons, mem- bers of the General Planning Commission, systematically to present either to the Commission or to the subcommission under § 6 reports and articles on the fulfilment by various departments (and by various gubernias, uyezds, groups of factories, individual factories, etc.) of current economic plans and on the comparison of this fulfilment with various years and for printing in Ekonomicheskaya Zhizn. (I con- sider it most important that Larin without fail, and also Sereda, Popov, Strumilin, should be formally obliged to follow with the greatest attention the facts and figures of the real fulfilment of our economic plans, and should
criticism and checking. Two or three specialists could also be set to work on this. It is essential that each should answer N.B.
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individually for the study and the checking; and that on each part of this work there should be two persons, inde- pendent of one another, for mutual checking and for testing various methods of analysis, summarising, etc.). Think about all this and let’s have a talk more than once after your arrival. Greetings!
Written on February 2 5 , 1 9 2 1 First published, but not in full, Printed from the original in 1 9 2 4 in the book: G. M. Krzhizhanovsky, Tovaroobmen i planovaya rabota, Moscow Published in full in 1 9 2 8 in Zapiski-Instituta Lenina, Vol. III
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