In the given sentence characterize each language unit, identifying its part of speech and categorical properties

Sample analysis

1. 
   In the given sentence characterize each language unit, identifying its part of speech and categorical properties.
   

But now he had come back home not on the pulpit or revival side this time, though, it was something of a relief to be out of the miracle business at last.

Adjective – according to the syntactic function – attributive, predicative (subject – complement copular verbs/object predicatives); qualitative (degrees of comparison) and relative (meaning); subjectivization
Verbs – notional – auxiliary, phrasal verb; simple – derived – compound; syntactic function – predicate – part of a predicate; regular-irregular; transitive – intransitive; communicative/activity/mental/causative/ occurrence/ existence/ aspectual; terminative- non-terminative, process – result – state; categories of person, number, tense, aspect, mood, voice
Noun – simple, derived, compound (according to the morphological structure), categories of case (common and genetive) and number (singular, plural), semantic meaning (common, proper); adjectivization
Adverbs – simple, compound (morphologically); syntactic function of adverbial; degrees of comparison; qualitative, quantitative, circumstantial (meaning);
Pronoun – simple, compound, phrasal (each other, one another); number (this- these, that –those, other - others), case (everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, one); personal, interrogative, relative, demonstrative; animate being (who), property (what kind), possession (whose), number (how many), place, direction (where, where to), choice (which), time (when) – notional categories.
Numeral – cardinal, ordinal; substantivization
This sentence is comprised of 32 language units, representing the following parts of speech:
But – coordinate conjunction that adds some meaning of difference and surprise;
Now – simple circumstantial adverb
He – pronoun
Had – auxiliary verb, syntactic function of a part of a predicate
Come back – phrasal verb, notional verb, syntactic function of a predicate; irregular verb; irregular; intransitive; activity verb; terminative; result; person and number are not marked
Home – adverb
Not – negative particle
On – preposition
The – definite article, determiner
Pulpit- noun, sing., common case
Or – conjunction
Revival – noun in the function of the adjective - transposition
Side – noun
This – demonstrative pronoun
Time – noun
Though – concessive conjunction
It - pronoun
Was – copula/link verb
Something – indefinite pronoun
Of – preposition
Relief – noun
To be – infinitive with the particle to
Out of – preposition
The – definite pronoun, determiner
Miracle – noun in the function of the adjective - transposition
Business – noun
At last – set phrase, composed of a preposition at and noun/pronoun last, phrasal circumstantial adverb

2. 
   Define the types of the following sentences in accordance with different approaches. If the sentence is composite define the relations between its clauses.
   

Khodorkovsky walks free, but his plans remain a mystery

According to its structure (structurally) this sentence is composite. It is made up of two coordinated parts, connected with a contrastive, opposing conjunction but. Consequently, it is compound.

Simple, monopredicative: one-member (imperative); two-member;
Composite (polypredicative)
Communicative (functional): declarative, imperative, interrogative, exclamative; positive – negative;
Functional classification (by Morochovskaya): actional, characterizing, existential, performative, equational, constative
Pragmatic: constative, performative; representatives (assert); directives, commissives, declarations, expressives
Subject, object, predicative, adverbial clauses (time, place, manner, comparison; circumstantial: condition, cause, reason, result, concession, purpose)

Word group
Three types of syntactic connection: coordination (closed (syndetic); open (syndetic and asyndetic)), subordination – head and adjunct, e.g. a long silence; obligatory, optional subordination, predetermined and free; agreement (this/these house, houses), government (tell me – non-prepositional; key to the door – nominal; ate me – verbal; strong – it suits them; weak – a man of the eighteenth century), adjoinment (free optional subordination – long practice, trembled lightly) (morphologically); enclosure (a strong wind); syntactic relations realized by subordination: attributive (an old paper), objective (left his paper), adverbial – please, listen carefully; interdependence (correspondence realizes predication); primary predication, secondary (bound, absolute: Charlie watched her, his face dark with hatred) predication; accumulation: (to write) his friend a letter
Exocentric (Catherine blushed); endocentric (Poor Maggie)
Free and phraseologically bound (semantically)
Morphologically: noun-adjective word combination (pushy parents); verb-noun word combination (ate porridge); adjective, adverb, pronoun;
According to the number of components: simple and complex;
According to syntactic relations: attributive, objective, adverbial