Independence of the Republic of the Uzbekistan

1-bilet

1. Independence of the Republic of the Uzbekistan(O'zbekiston Respublikasining mustaqilligi

).1991 yil 1 sentyabrda O'zbekiston Respublikasi mustaqilligining e'lon qilinishi respublika tarixida muhim voqea bo'ladi. 1991 yil 31 avgustda O'zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Kengashi "O'zbekiston Respublikasining davlat mustaqilligini e'lon qilish to'g'risida" qaror qabul qildi. 1992 yil 2 martda Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti O'zbekiston Respublikasini o'z a'zoligiga qabul qilish to'g'risida qaror qabul qildi.O'zbekiston Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining to'laqonli a'zosi bo'ldi va dunyoning 160 dan ortiq davlatlari tomonidan tan olindi. O'zbekiston Respublikasi qulay tabiiy-geografik sharoitlarga ega. U Markaziy Osiyoning Markaziy qismida Amudaryo va Sirdaryo o'rtasida joylashgan

2.

3. About myself. My name is Sunnat. My last name is Hajiyev. I am 19 years old and I was born in 2001 in Ellikkala. I live in the small town of Ellikkala in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. . I am a student. I study at the Nukus branch of the Samarkand Veterinary Medical Institute.

4. It is situated in the Central part of Central Asia between the Amudarya and the Syrdarya Rivers

5. Fermer –farmer,rawajlanıw -development, kóbeyiw dárejesi-production rate, jabayı haywanlar--wild animals, akvakultura-aquaculture

2-bilet

1. Chorvachilik

Qishloq xo'jaligi odamlarni oziq-ovqat, ozuqa va boshqa foydali mahsulotlar bilan ta'minlaydi. Butun dunyoda dehqonlar qimmatbaho o'simliklarni etishtiradilar va samarali uy hayvonlarini etishtiradilar. Zamonaviy qishloq xo'jaligida ikkita asosiy tarmoq mavjud: o'simliklarni etishtirish (yoki o'simliklarni etishtirish) va chorvachilik (yoki chorvachilik).

Hozirgi kunda ko'plab mamlakatlarda odamlar hali ham go'sht, sut va tuxumga asosiy oziq-ovqat manbai sifatida ishonishadi. Ham selektsionerlar, ham dehqonlar yuqori mahsuldor qishloq xo'jalik hayvonlarini ko'paytirishgan va hozir ham ko'paytirmoqdalar.

Hayvonlarni etishtirish - bu dehqon tijorat yoki shaxsiy foydalanish uchun chorva mollarini boqish, boqish va parvarish qilish.

"Chorvachilik" so'zi go'shtli va sutli qoramollar, qo'ylar, echkilar, cho'chqalar (cho'chqalar), otlar, eshaklar va xachirlar, buffalo, ho'kizlar, quyonlar yoki "ekzotik" hayvonlar, masalan, tuya, emus, tuyaqush kabi uy hayvonlarini anglatadi. , yoki dehqon boqadigan va oziq-ovqat yoki lazzatlanish uchun foydalanadigan har qanday hayvon. Ba'zida hayvonotshunos olimlar bu iboraga tovuq, o'rdak, g'oz va kurka kabi parrandalarni ham kiritishadi, ammo ular "chorva mollari" atamasiga asal asalarilarni ham, baliqlarni ham kiritmaydi. Shu bilan birga, parrandachilik va asalarichilik dehqonchilik bilan bir qatorda akvakulturaning muhim tarmoqlari hisoblanadi

2.

3. Holidays in Uzbekistan. Every year Uzbekistan celebrates seven holidays: January 1 - New Year, March 8 - International Women's Day, March 21 - Navruz, May 9 - Remembrance Day, September 1 - Independence Day, October 1 - O 'Andy's Day, December 8 - Constitution Day. Uzbekistan also celebrates Defender of the Fatherland Day on January 14 and the Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression on August 31, but these holidays are still working days. The two largest Muslim holidays in Uzbekistan, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, are public holidays celebrated annually according to the lunar calendar.

4. There are two main branches in modern agriculture: crop production (or crop farming) and animal husbandry (or animal farming).

5. Azıq awqat-food ,awıl xojalıǵ-agricultureı ,fermer -farmer , ilimpazlar -

knowledgeable, sharwashılıq -animal husbandry

3-bilet

1. Atrof muhitni muhofaza qilish

Bizning erimiz bizning uyimiz, shuning uchun agar biz o'z uyimizni himoya qilishni istasak, atrofimizni inson faoliyatining zararli ta'siridan himoya qilishimiz kerak. Ushbu tadbirlarning ba'zilari ifloslanishni keltirib chiqaradi. Hozir ifloslanish juda muhim muammo. Ushbu muammolarning ba'zilari quyidagilardir: ozon teshiklari, global isish (yoki issiqxona effekti), kislotali yomg'ir ... Ozon qatlami - bu erni himoya qiluvchi quyoshning zararli nurlanishini to'xtatadigan gazlar qatlami. Yaqinda o'tkazilgan tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatadiki, ozon qatlamining bir qismida teshik bor, u fabrikalardan tutun, avtomobil chiqindi gazlari, aerozol qutilaridan kelib chiqadi, chunki ular tarkibida CFC mavjud. Global isish - karbonat angidrid gazining ko'payishi natijasida dunyo haroratining ko'tarilishi. Kislotali yomg'ir xavfli kimyoviy moddalarni o'z ichiga olgan yomg'ir; bunga fabrikalardan chiqayotgan tutun sabab bo'ladi. Yana bir muammo - ovqatdagi zahar. Dehqon zararkunandalardan saqlanish uchun ekinlarda purkagich kimyoviy moddalarini yumshatadi

2.

3. English speaking countries. The English language has approximately 400 million native speakers worldwide, trailing only Mandarin and Spanish. However, it is also the single most popular second language. As a result, when native and non-native English speakers are combined, it is recognized as the single most widely-spoken global language.In fact, English is recognized as an official language in a total of 67 different countries, as well as 27 non-sovereign entities. Moreover, it is a major business language, as well as the official language of a number of the world’s most important institutions, including the United Nations, NATO and the European Union.

4.These chemicals are called pesticides.

5. take care of, ozone, growth, food, global warming

4-bilet

1. Buyuk Britaniyada dehqonchilik

Geografik jihatdan Buyuk Britaniya tog'li Buyuk Britaniyadan va pasttekislikdagi Britaniyadan iborat. Buyuk Britaniyaning shimolida va g'arbida joylashgan. Angliyaning qishloq xo'jaligi hududi La-Mansh va Evropa qit'asi tomon yo'naltirilgan. Buyuk Britaniyaning ko'plab mintaqalarida tuproq nozik va kambag'aldir. Tog'li Buyuk Britaniya serhosil tuproqli boy hududdir.

Britaniyadagi daryolar tor, ammo Temza. Ko'pgina fermer xo'jaliklarining har biri 50 gektardan kam. Turli tuproq-iqlim mintaqalarida fermer xo'jaliklarining turlari har xil. Buyuk Britaniyaning sharqiy qismida ko'pchilik fermer xo'jaliklari ekiladi. Fermerlar bu erda turli xil ekinlarni etishtirishadi. Mamlakatning g'arbiy qismida fermer xo'jaliklarining aksariyati sut mahsulotlari hisoblanadi. Britaniyadagi kichik fermer xo'jaliklari odatda aralash fermer xo'jaliklari bo'lib, ularda fermerlar ham ekin ekishadi, ham qishloq xo'jalik hayvonlarini boqishadi.

2.

3. Great Britain. Great Britain (or simply Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of 209,331 km² (80,823 sq mi), it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island, and the ninth-largest island in the world. The island is dominated by a maritime climate with narrow temperature differences between seasons. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of Great Britain, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, The term "Great Britain" is often used to refer to England, Scotland and Wales, including their component adjoining islands.^[11] Great Britain and Northern Ireland now constitute the United Kingdom.^[12] The single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the 1707 Acts of Union between the kingdoms of England (which at the time incorporated Wales) and Scotland.

4. Geographically Great Britain consists of two parts.The agriculture area of England.Rivers in Britain are narrow.

5. Tar -narrow, kishkene fermalar -small farms, bay - rich ,jarli - live, bo’liniw-disintegration

5-bilet

1.Britaniyadagi fan

Buyuk Britaniyada fanlarni targ'ib qilishda o'rganilgan jamiyatlar va mustaqil ilmiy muassasalar katta rol o'ynaydi, shuningdek, ular juda oz miqdordagi dolzarb tadqiqotlarni olib bormoqdalar. Hozirda Britaniyada ko'plab ilmiy jamiyatlar mavjud. Eng taniqli kishilardan biri bu auu0da tashkil etilgan Qirollik jamiyati. Hozirgi faoliyati ilmiy uchrashuvlarni o'tkazish, tadqiqot ishlarini nashr etish, asosan "Falsafiy muomalalar" va "Ishlar to'plami" da nashr etish, ma'ruzalar o'qish, medallarni taqdim etish.Qirollik san'at jamiyati 1754 yilda tashkil topgan. Uning asosiy maqsadi barcha ilm-fan rivojiga ko'maklashishdir. Bu ilmiy badiiy, texnik va tijorat muammolari bilan shug'ullanadi. Jamiyat muntazam ravishda yig'ilishlar o'tkazadi va oylik jurnal nashr etadi. Buyuk Britaniyaning ilm-fan taraqqiyoti assotsiatsiyasi 1831 yilda fanga umumiy qiziqish va uni qo'llashga ko'maklashish uchun tashkil etilgan

2.

3. My family. I am Xajiyev Sunnat . sunnat is my name and Xajiyev is my surname. I am nineteen years old. I want to tell you a few words about my family. My family is not large. I have got mother, father and grandmother. There are six of us in the family.

4. At present there are a lot of learned scientific societies in Britain. It deals with scientific artistic, technical and commercial problems. The Society regularly holds meetings and publishes a monthly journal.

5. scientific community,to searchcoverage,famous,presentation,catch

6-bilet

1. Uy hayvonlari.Hayvonlarni xonakilashtirish - bu qo`lga olish emas. Ularning yashash joylari cheklangan, ularni himoya qilish ta'minlangan, oziq-ovqat ta'minoti ta'minlangan va eng muhimi naslli dehqon hayvonlari inson boshqaruvi va nazorati ostida amalga oshiriladi. Umuman olganda, hayvonlar quyidagi uchta maqsadda: oziq-ovqat, kiyim-kechak va boshqalar manbai sifatida, odamlarning turli xil faoliyatida yordamchi sifatida yoki uy hayvonlari sifatida xonakilashtirilgan. Uy hayvonlari uchun foydali bo'lishi har xil bo'lishi mumkin. Masalan, Evropa va boshqa ko'plab xalqlar sut va mol go'shti olish uchun sigirlarni ko'paytiradilar, ammo xitoylar sigir sog'ishmaydi, hindular esa mol go'shtini iste'mol qilmaydi. Uyda yasashning kelib chiqishi noma'lum. Ehtimol, it eng keng tarqalgan va turlicha ishlatiladigan uy hayvonidir.

2.

3. Uzbekistan Republic is one of the four Republics of Central Asia. Uzbekistan is situated between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya,the greatest Asian rivers. It is the region of flat- lands, mountains and deserts. The territory of the Republic covers 447,4 thousand square kilometers and is larger than Great Britain or Italy. Uzbekistan borders on Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Tajikistan and Turkmenia. In the South Uzbekistan borders on Afghanistan. The Republic consists of 12 regions and the Karakalpak Republic. There are about 80 towns and 86 settlements of urban type here.

4. Domestication of animals is more than taming. the Chinese do not milk cows. Hindus do not eat beef

5. training, protection from resistance, food, animal husbandry, useless

7-bilet

1. Ekologik muvozanat.

Inson va uning atrof-muhit bilan o'zaro aloqasi muammosi hozirgi kunda ko'pgina fanlar uchun qiyin muammolardan biriga aylandi, chunki u modaga mos emas, balki butun insoniyat uchun juda katta ahamiyatga ega. Hozirda ekologik alomatlar mavjud bo'lib, ular tegishli choralar ko'rilmasa, inqirozga olib kelishi mumkin. Biz nafas olayotgan havo, biz yashayotgan er va uning daryolari va dengizlari inson faoliyati faoliyati bilan tobora xavfli materiallar bilan ifloslanmoqda. Inson o'z hayotiga biosfera: suv, kislorod, oziq-ovqat va hokazolarni etkazib berishga bog'liqdir, ammo biosferaga odamlarning har xil faoliyati kuchli ta'sir ko'rsatadi. Masalan, inson biosferaga noma'lum bo'lgan yangi birikmalar, yangi moddalar, toza kimyoviy elementlarni yaratadi. Ular materiyaning tabiiy aylanishiga tegishli emas.

2.

3. My profession

There are many interesting and noble professions. I want to be a doctor. It is an interesting profession.I understand that it is necessary to study a lot to become a doctor. I also understand that this profession requires great responsibility because it deals with the most precious thing that a person has — with his health.My mother and my grandfather are doctors. My grandfather is working as a surgeon in a hospital. I have been several times at the hospital and spent some time watching him working.His main task is to operate on the people. After each operation he takes care of patients until they are recovered.

4.

5. water, marked, knowledge, dangerous, unim

8-bilet

1. Milliy Qizil kitob.O'zbekistonning Qizil kitobi - bu O'zbekiston hududida kamdan-kam uchraydigan, populyatsiya sonining kamayishi va yo'qolib ketish xavfi ostida bo'lgan turlarining holati to'g'risida umumiy ma'lumotlarni o'z ichiga olgan asosiy hujjat.O'zbekiston Respublikasi Qizil kitobining birinchi nashri (1984) o'simliklarning 163 turini o'z ichiga olgan; ikkinchi nashr (1998), 301 tur; uchinchi nashr (2006), yuqori o'simliklarning 302 turi va zamburug'larning 3 turi; so'nggi to'rtinchi nashr (2009), 321 turdagi yuqori o'simliklar va 3 qo'ziqorin turlari.

2.

3. Independence Day (Uzbek: O'zbekiston Respublikasi Mustaqilligi kuni) is an official national holiday in Uzbekistan, celebrated on the first of September.^[1] fireworks, concerts, competitions, military parades, and wreath laying ceremonies are held in Tashkent during the independence day celebrations

4. The first edition of the Red Data Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan included 163 species of plants

5. plant, offspring, information, decline, inclusion

9-bilet

1.Oziqlantirish

Barcha oziq-ovqat mahsulotlarida suv bor. Suv hayvon uchun ko'p maqsadlar uchun talab qilinadi. Bu tanasining 50 foizidan ko'prog'ini tashkil qiladi. Uglevodlar organik birikmalar bo'lib, ular barcha ozuqalarda mavjud. Ular yashil o'simliklarda ishlab chiqariladi. Qishloq xo'jaligi hayvonlari muvozanatli ratsion olgan taqdirda ham, ularning etishmasligi kasalliklariga duchor bo'lishlari mumkin. Hozir ma'lumki, bu muammolarning sababi vitaminlar etishmasligidadir.24 soat davomida hayvon olgan ovqat miqdori ratsion deb ataladi. To'g'ri muvozanatli ratsion hayvonni zarur oziq moddalar bilan ta'minlashi kerak. Dag'al va kontsentratlarning mutanosib ratsioni yosh va etuk hayvonlarning o'sishini tezlashtiradi. Oziqlantirish podani yaxshilashning muhim omilidir.

2.

3. Our Museum: Communities and Museums as Active Partners was an initiative to facilitate a process of development and organisational change within museums and galleries that are committed to active partnership within your communities, with the ambition of affecting the museum sector more widely.The learning from the Our Museum programme may be relevant if you are applying to our Arts Access and Participation fund and so these pages are intended as an additional resource to help guide you during the application process.

4. The amount of food the animal receives during 24 hours is called a ration

5. diseases,nutrition,shortage,collection, carbohydrate

10-bilet

1. Ferma hayvonlari

Qishloq xo'jaligi hayvonlari umurtqali hayvonlar yoki umurtqali hayvonlar deb nomlanuvchi katta hayvonlar guruhiga kiradi. Baliqlar, qushlar va sutemizuvchilar umurtqali va umurtqali hayvonlardir. Umurtqali hayvonlarda skelet sistemasi tanani qo'llab-quvvatlovchi ramka, bo'g'inlar tizimi va skelet mushaklari biriktiriladigan joylarni ta'minlaydi. Ushbu tizim shuningdek miya, orqa miya va qovurg'a qafasi tarkibidagi organlarni himoya qilishga xizmat qiladi. Ammo parrandachilikdan tashqari oddiy qishloq xo'jalik hayvonlarining aksariyati sutemizuvchilar sinfiga kiradi. Sinf nomi yoshlarni emizish uchun sut beradigan ayollarda sut bezlarini nazarda tutadi. Ota-onalarning avlodlariga g'amxo'rligi sutemizuvchilar orasida eng yuqori darajada rivojlangan. Faqat sutemizuvchilar haqiqiy soch yoki mo'ynaga ega.

2.

3. Almost all people are fond of travelling. It is very interesting to see new places, another towns and countries. People may travel either for pleasure or on business. There are various means of travelling. For me there is nothing like travel by air; it is more comfortable, more convenient and, of course, far quicker than any other means. There is none of the dust and dirt of a railway or car journey, none of the trouble of changing from train to steamer and then to another train.With a train you have speed, comfort and pleasure combined. From the comfortable seat of a railway carriage you have a splendid view of the whole countryside. If you are hungry, you can have a meal in the dining-car; and if a journey is a long one you can have a wonderful bed in a sleeper.Travelling by ship is also very popular now. It is very pleasant to feel the deck of the ship under the feet, to see the rise and fall of the waves, to feel the fresh sea wind blowing in the face and hear the cry of the seagulls.Many people like to travel by car. It is interesting too, because you can see many sights in a short time, you can stop when and where you like, you do not have to buy tickets or carry your suitcases.

4. Fishes, birds and mammals all have a backbone

5. fish, mammals,spine, skeleton, ribs

11-bilet

1. Ozuqalarning tasnifi

Odam tomonidan chorva mollarini boqishda turli xil ozuqalardan foydalaniladi. Oziqlanishlar tolaga va to'yimli bo'lishiga qarab uch guruhga bo'linadi. Ular sukkulentlar, qo'pol va konsentratlardir. Sukkulentlar quruq moddasi past chodirga ega. Suvli ozuqalar bu yaylov o'tlari, silos va ildiz ekinlari. Ildizlarda katta miqdordagi suv bor va ular zaxirada laksatif hisoblanadi. Ular tarkibida oqsil miqdori kam, ammo uglevodlar nisbatan yuqori. Ildizlari pichan va somon bilan oziqlanib, qo'ylar va qoramollar uchun yaxshi ratsion beradi. Balandligi 4-8 dyuym bo'lganida yashil o'tni boqish kerak. Yosh o't oqsilga juda boy va hayvonlar uni osonlikcha iste'mol qiladilar, ammo uning tarkibida kam miqdordagi tolalar chirishlarni keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Maysalarning ozuqaviy qiymati bahorda va yozning boshlarida eng yuqori hisoblanadi. Yoshi oshgani sayin ozuqa ekinlari ozroq bo'ladi, uglevodlarning ulushi esa oshadi.

2.

3. 2-biletni 3 chisi

4. The feeding value of grass is the highest in spring and early summer.

5. nitrogen, carbohydrate, protein, vascular, various

12-bilet

1. Baliq etishtirish

Baliq etishtirish akvakulturaning asosiy shakli hisoblanadi, boshqa usullar esa marikulturaga tegishli bo'lishi mumkin. Bunga baliqni odatda oziq-ovqat uchun tanklarda yoki yopiq joylarda tijorat maqsadida etishtirish kiradi. Balog'atga etmagan baliqlarni tabiat qo'ynida dam olish uchun baliq ovlash yoki turlarning tabiiy sonini to'ldirish uchun qo'yib yuboradigan muassasa, odatda, baliq ovlash sexi sifatida qabul qilinadi. Baliq xo'jaliklari etishtiradigan baliq turlariga losos, baliq, tilapiya, cod, sazan, alabalık va boshqalar kiradi.Tijorat baliq ovi bilan yovvoyi baliqchilikka bo'lgan talablarning ko'payishi keng tarqalgan ortiqcha ovlashga sabab bo'ldi. Baliq etishtirish bozorda baliq va baliq oqsiliga bo'lgan talabning o'sishiga muqobil echim taklif qiladi.Baliq xo'jaliklarining asosiy toifalari

2.

3. my hobby. My hobby is reading. It has been a great pleasure for me since my childhood. The world of literature is fascinating and infinite. It certainly doesn’t mean that I love all the books. To tell the truth, finding a good book is not so easy. I prefer historical novels, classical and informative literature and some professional books concerning business and management as I am going to run a business of my own in future. I never choose a book only by its colourful cover. As a rule, I look through its pages, read about the writer and his awards.

4. It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or en-closures, usually for food

5. alternative, fish type, reproduction, wide range, market demand

13-bilet

1. Veterinariya xizmati

Mamlakatimiz taraqqiyotida qishloq xo'jaligi muhim o'rin tutadi. Qishloq xo'jaligi aholini oziq-ovqat bilan ta'minlashning asosiy manbai bo'lib qolmoqda. U ko'plab iste'mol tovarlarini ishlab chiqaradigan oziq-ovqat va yengil sanoat uchun zarur xomashyo etkazib beradi.Chorvachilikni intensivlashtirish bu yaxshi boqish va selektsiya, ilm-fan va ilg'or usul yutuqlarini joriy etish, katta mexanizatsiyalashdir. Bu chorvachilik mahsulotlari ishlab chiqarish hajmining ko'payishini ta'minlaydi.Chorvachilikda ixtisoslashuv va konsentratsiya kuchaymoqda. Qoramol, cho‘chqa va parrandalarni boqish uchun xo‘jaliklar tashkil etildi. Cho'chqa, mol go'shti, tuxum va sut ishlab chiqarish bo'yicha yirik sanoatlashgan fermer xo'jaliklari tashkil etildi.

2.

3. 7-biletni 3-chisi

4. Farms for fattening of cattle, pig and poultry are set up.

5. livestock, milk, agriculture, production, development

14-bilet

1. Hayvonlar kasalliklarini tasnifi (1)

Kasallik - bu tananing normal yoki sog'lom holatidan har qanday og'ish uchun umumiy atama. Hayvonlarning kasalliklari - bu hayvonning sog'lig'i va ishlash qobiliyatiga ta'sir qiluvchi buzilishlar. Hayvon kasalliklari odamlarni bir necha sabablarga ko'ra katta tashvishga solmoqda. Kasalliklar tovuqlar va sog'in sigirlar kabi oziq-ovqat mahsulotlarini ishlab chiqarishda ishlatiladigan hayvonlarning mahsuldorligini pasaytirishi mumkin. Cho'chqalar va go'shtli qoramollar kabi oziq-ovqat sifatida o'stiriladigan hayvonlar ko'plab kasalliklarning iqtisodiy farovonligiga ta'sir qilishi mumkin. Hayvonlarning ayrim kasalliklari odamga yuqishi mumkin va zoonoz deb nomlanuvchi ushbu turdagi kasalliklarga qarshi kurash xalq salomatligi uchun juda muhimdir. Yovvoyi hayvonlar populyatsiyasida kasallik kamayadi, bu hududning ekologik muvozanatini buzishi mumkin. Va, uy hayvonlarida, hayvonlarning kasalliklarini oldini olish va davolash chorva mollari uzoq va sog'lom hayot kechirishga yordam beradi, bu esa uy hayvonlari va uning egasi bilan do'stlikni kuchaytiradi.

2.

3. my friend. I have a very good friend. her name is Toxir Friends are very important in our life. I think one cannot live without friends. The most important thing for being good friends, to my mind, is to be ready to help one another in any situation, nevertheless how difficult it is, to support one another and to solve all the problems together. And never mind, that the friends may have different interests and hobbies, different likes and dislikes. They say that the friend in need is a friend indeed. I think it is really so.

4. Diseases of animals are disorders which influence an animal’s health and ability to function

5. disease, price increase, dairy products, public health, treatment

15-bilet

1. Og'iz va og'iz kasalliklari

Og'iz-og'iz kasalligi (FMD, lotincha nomi Aphtae epizooticae), ba'zan tuyoq_va_og'iz kasalligi deb ataladi, bu juda yuqumli va ba'zida o'limga olib keladigan qoramol va cho'chqaning virusli kasalligi. Shuningdek, u kiyiklarga, echkilarga, qo'ylarga va boshqa hayvonlarga tirnoqli tuyoqlarni, shuningdek, fillar, kalamushlar va to'siq cho'chqalarini yuqtirishlari mumkin. Odamlarga juda kam ta'sir qiladi. FMD kasalligi birinchi marta 1897 yilda Fridrix Loffler tomonidan virusli ekanligini ko'rsatdi.U yuqtirgan hayvonning qonini ingichka chinni shisha filtrdan o'tkazib, to'plangan suyuqlik hali ham sog'lom hayvonlarda kasallik keltirib chiqarishi mumkinligini aniqladi.Og'iz va og'iz kasalligi tilni, lablarni, yonoqlarni, tanglayni yoki og'izning boshqa to'qimalarini qoplaydigan shilliq qavatlarida, oyoq tirnoqlari orasida va yuqorisidagi terida va so'rg'ichlarda pufakchalar hosil bo'lishi bilan tavsiflanadi. elin.

2.