Independent work • 22 105 Group
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Bog'liqMirzahubaydinov Nurjahon
INDEPENDENT WORK • 22_105 Group • Student • Mirzaxubaydinov Nurjaxon • Aspects of lanuage 1 Formal language usage and its main features • FORMAL LANGUAGE USAGE • Formal language is portrayed as standardenglish. It requires mostcomplicatedwordssentences. Formal language is more common in business communication. While communicatingit shouldfollow rules of language. • We use this typeof language in serioussituations. It can be more commonwhen we write a formal humans. We can notuse contractions, colloquialismsand pronouns like 'I' or 'We' . It may be synonimtostandardlanguage or standardenglishthat follow rules formally • Also in formal language there some restrictions . For example:pronouns , we can use passive voice when we addressing the audience . Formal language is more inpersonal than informal language. You can use this language when you graduate school or university in academic purposes. In this language we should use colloquialisms, pronouns , for example: “I” , “WE”. • Formal language is not very beautiful like formal because in this language it should not be used long sentences . Using long sentences does not that person is clever. But using beautiful sentances can be obstacle for you when you are telling WHEN WE USE FORMAL LANGUAGE Determining when to use formal language and when to use informal language is very important for language masters We use formal language in the following situations : when you communicate with someone you don’t know well. For example : business emails or in academic writing . We can use formalty for applying job , make a complaint , give request or official information Common places for formal language • It can be also used in official communication and we can also use this type of language for make a good impression in communication with formal persoin. As I said before, formal language is coomon in speaking and informal is comman in speaking. But there is a few situations which we should use formal language . For example: lectures in formal places. It can help people when they are talking. They may be student and teacher, employee and employer. It is a language style which is more appropriate for official events, occasion- conferences, public speeches, interviews. For instance: when someone is giving application for a job in a primary school. It is more suitable if this language is formal Examples for formal language •Here, there aresome examples forformal speech: •I would be glad if you permit me to attend partytonight •Unfortunately, I will notgo to the universitytomorrow •May I go to your office inorder to get advice •I want to give mydocumentstomorrow. • I was hoping that youwill be doctor in thefuture •I agree with Lucy opinion that ourpresentation is moremeaningful •I would like to remindyou that tomorrow , wewill have meeting SOME USEFUL TIPS FOR FORMAL SPEECH: Dirct entry to the topic Attachment footnote Paying attention to tone 2.Informal language usage and its main features What is informal Language? •This type of language is more common when we communicate with our friends or family .As you think, it is not appropriate for writing all time for example informal letter. • • Also, it can be used when we are writing letters to them.Itmeans that in ininformalletter for our close friends, relatives. We can use this language everydayspeech . when we have a conversation with our relatives,parents, frienfriends.Informallanguage is more commonin communications than writing something tosomebody. But not always because he or she may bestrange for us, in this case, we should use formal language. It is more suitable • Features of informal language: •Short sentences Do it youself,Youare so lucky, I am glad • •Abbreviations( IMO- In my opinion,WDYT- What do you think, HAY- How are you • •Contractions(don't, can't,didn't, aren't,let's, you'll) • •Short words(cut, can, will, put,fun, get, set , yes, see, but,if , for) • these are all common in informal language . We can say these words "key" for informal language Some places and situations we may find informal language are: •At school (Writing our classmates and our close friends • •At university( writing our group mates, close friends and alsonew friends) • •Letters to friends or family members ( not group mates, notclassmates just steetfriends and also our family members) • •Letters to someone who is not formal person(e.g manager of restaurant or director of market) Examples for informal language 1.I’ll bring you that book tomorrow so , be patient until tomorrow. 2.How’re you? I'm OK. And you? 3.Do you wanna go cinema with me? or what to go Cafe? 4.I’m so sorry to hear that. You're so kind. 5.If you need help you may ask from me 6.We can’t get your order to you 7.I'll sell my old phone because it's features are not appropriate for me. 3. English language usage at the airport and station Types of travelling •There are many different types of travelling . For example: on the road, by the rail, sea and air also. •On the road we can use such kind of tranports like car, bus , tram ,van •Rail- high speed train and express are more suitable for this type of travel •SEA- we can travel in liner , boat, ferry yacht •AIR- it is very common and easy way to travel by plane, helicopter, aircraft • Speaking another language at airport while travelling can be very stressful. • Check in (Verb/Noun) • it may be activity which people who works at airport check your suitcase.there isspecial area forchecking Airports are One of the stressful events in our own motherland .You should learn these idioms before travelling •identification (noun) It is a type of document. And it indicates that people personality, heror his name,address, phone number •overbooked (adjective) there are a lot of people than norm. However there are no seats and it is called overbooked •first-class (noun / adjective) In first class, tickets are more expexpensive than otherclass, but seats are convenient •window seat (noun) There are seats in front of windows. You can see the sky •English has been the language of airway, air travel,airports, and other stations since 1950' s and this status was cemented in 20082009 when the International civil aviationorganisation introduced language proficiency requirements. It mean if someonewants to work in airport or airways he or she should know English very well, as well as anotheradditional languages , but the most vitaloneis Englishis necessary not only in the airports orstations, in all places of world. Why people choose English as an aorport's language? Because first civilization in airways and flying from one to another country became in twenty century in America . English speaking countriescontroled the design and manufacturing of aircrafts , as well as much of their operations . •I thinkevery school has English lessons, that's whypeople have basic infor mation how tospeak in this language for necessary occasions. For example: if you want to travel foreign countries fordifferent purposes yo u need to go there with a helpof various transports like plane , train, ships.Al so while flying in the sky stuardess give you some question or you will give questions or tell something you need. • That's why humans need to learn English from their early age , it is very important for international and personal purposes. It is truelly said that English is second language for every one, also I think this language is future language . In the future may be every one speak in this language not anlyairports or sations use it, but also every market, business place, schools, companies will prefer speak or write in English. 4.Denotative and connotative meaning of words • It is very essential to know about connotation andalso denotation if you work in businussfactory. Usually this types word can be found in every words • We know that most of words have two meaning. And these are connotation and denotation . One of them is real meaning of word and the second one is anothermeaning that We can not use it evey time • Through using this types of words we can make our speech more beautiful and fluently like native speaker.So, it is always useful especially when stustudyingIELTS ,in speaking exam if you speak with such kindword your score will be higher than you think What is denotation? • Real meaning of a word is Denotation. It means that what meaning have that word. • In that case usually most of words are equal and same for all people. It indicates what the word means and expresses • Word of Denotation taken from latin language and latin word “notare” and it says that,” notice” • Almost all words have denotative meaning, but people can understand the words in Download 122.35 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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