-
This tense is used to indicate the duration of an activity that began in
the past and continues until another activity or time.
Examples:
Tom had been studying for two hours before his friends came.
I had been thinking of changing my major before I took the right
decision.
Spelling of –ing and –ed forms
Adding –ed
1. If a verb ends in ‗e‘, add only
d.
Hope
hoped
date dated
injure injured
2. One-syllable verbs
1 Vowel + 1 consonant = double the final consonant
Examples:
Stop stopped
rob robbed
beg
begged
Note:
‘w’ and
‘x’ are not doubled:
Fix fixed
Plow plowed
2 Vowels + 1 consonant = Don‘t double the final consonant
Examples:
Rain rained
Fool fooled
Dream
dreamed
3. Two- syllable verbs
If the first syllable is stressed -------- don‘t double the final consonant.
Examples:
Listen listened
Offer offered
Open opened
If the second syllable is stressed -------- double the final consonant
Examples:
prefer
preferred
control controlled
Note:
‗w‘ and ‗x‘ are not doubled:
4. verbs ending in -y
Mind the letter that stands before -y.
Vowel before -y: Add ed
Examples:
Play played
enjoy enjoyed
pray
prayed
Consonant before -y: Change -y to -i. Then add -ed.
Examples:
hurry hurried
study studied
try tried
reply replied
Adding –ing
1. If a verb ends in ‗e‘, drop it and then add –ing
Examples:
Hope
hoping
date dating
injure injuring
Note:
If a verb ends in ‗ee‘, don‘t drop the final ‗e‘, add –ing
Example
see seeing
2. One-syllable verbs
1 Vowel + 1 consonant = double the final consonant
Examples:
Stop stopping
rob
robbing
beg begging
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